Flag of Spain - Wikipedia

National flag
The flag of Spain ( spanish : Bandera de España ), as it is defined in the constitution of 1978, consists of three horizontal stripes : red, yellow and red, the scandalmongering stripe being doubly the size of each red chevron. traditionally, the middle stripe was defined by the more archaic term of gualda, and hence the popular name la Rojigualda ( red- weld ). The origin of the stream flag of Spain is the naval national flag of 1785, Pabellón de la Marina de Guerra under Charles III of Spain. It was chosen by Charles III himself among 12 different flags designed by Antonio Valdés y Bazán ( all proposed flags were presented in a reap which is in the Naval Museum of Madrid ). [ 1 ] The flag remained marine-focused for much of the next 50 years, flying over coastal fortresses, nautical barracks and early naval property. During the Peninsular War the flag could besides be found on marine regiments fighting inland. not until 1820 was the first spanish land unit ( The La Princesa Regiment ) provided with one and it was not until 1843 that Queen Isabella II of Spain made the flag official. [ 2 ] Throughout the 19th and twentieth centuries, the coloring material scheme of the masthead remained intact, with the exception of the Second Republic period ( 1931–1939 ) ; the entirely changes centered on the coat of arms.

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spanish iris legal frame and specifications [edit ]

The show laws and regulations on the spanish sag are :

Spanish Constitution of 1978, establishing the national flag:

La bandera de España está formada por tres franjas horizontales, roja, amarilla y roja, siendo la amarilla de doble anchura que cada una de las rojas. Artículo 4 1 de la constitución española de 1978
translation : The flag of Spain consists of three horizontal stripes: Red, Yellow and red, the height of the yellow stripe being equal to the combined height of the two red stripes. Article 4.1 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978

Act 39/1981, regulating the use of the flag.[3]
Royal Decree 441/1981, establishing the detailed technical specifications of the colours of the flag.
Royal Decree 1511/1977, establishing the Regulations on flags, banners and emblems (Reglamento de Banderas y Estandartes, Guiones, Insignias y Distintivos)[4]
Royal decree of 19 July 1913 (effective 1 January 1913), abolishing the 5-stripe Spanish merchant flag and establishing the plain bi-colour—the national flag without the shield—as the Spanish merchant flag.[5]

Colours [edit ]

The color of the iris, as officially defined by the spanish Royal Decree 441/1981 of 27 February, [ 6 ] are :

	CIELAB values			CIE (Illuminant C)			Hexadecimal
COLOUR NAME English (Spanish)’	H*	C*	L*	x	y	Y	Hexadecimal code
*Flag Red (Rojo Bandera)* Bandera } } )	85°	95	80	0.488	0.469	56.7	`#F1BF00`

The nearest Pantone shades are 7628 C ( crimson ) and 7406 C ( yellow ) .

design [edit ]

The basic design of the current flag of Spain with the coat of arms is specified by principle 3 of the Royal Decree 1511/1977, that states the keep up :

The coat of arms of Spain has a height equal to
2

⁄

5

of the hoist (height) and will figure on both sides of the flag.
When the flag is of regular proportions, having a length equal to
3

⁄

2

of the width, the coat’s axis is placed at a distance from the hoist equal to

1

⁄

2

of the flag’s width.
If the flag’s length is less than normal, the coat of arms is placed at the center of the flag.

Flag protocol [edit ]

The flag can only be flown horizontally from public buildings, private homes, businesses, ships, town squares, or during official ceremonies. While the masthead should be flown from sunrise to sunset, government offices in Spain and afield must fly the flag on a 24-hour footing ( during the nox, and in poor people light, it must be by rights lit ). The flags must conform to the legal standards, and can not be soiled or damaged in any way. [ 3 ]
Flags in front of the spanish Senate in Madrid For mourning activities, the iris can be flown in either of the follow ways. The first method, normally known as half-masting, is performed when the flag is hoisted to the crown of the range pole, then lowered to the pole ‘s one-third position. The early method acting is to attach a black ribbon to a flag that is permanently affixed to a staff. The ribbon itself is ten centimetres across-the-board and it is attached to the mast so that the ends of the decoration reach the penetrate of the flag. During the funeral ceremony, the flag may be used to cover the coffins of government officials, soldiers and persons designated by an act of the President ; these flags are belated folded and presented to the future of akin before burial. [ 3 ]
When flying the spanish masthead with other flags, the follow is the adjust arrange of priority : the national flag, flags of foreign states, the flag of Europe, international NGOs, military and government standards, autonomous communities flags, city flags and any others. When foreign flags are used alongside the spanish iris, the flags are sorted according to their countries ‘ names alphabetically in the spanish speech. The alone exception is when the congress or meeting held in Spain dictates a different language to be used for sorting. The flag of Europe has been hoisted since Spain became a extremity of the Union. While not mentioned by diagnose in the law, the pin of NATO can be used in Spain, since it belongs to that constitution a well. [ 3 ] When unfurled in the presence of other flags, the national flag must not have smaller dimensions and must be situated in a outstanding, honorable place, according to the relevant protocol. [ 3 ]

other flags presently in use [edit ]

Civil authorities [edit ]

Some high-level officials of the spanish state ( i, the president of the united states, the vice-presidents and the ministers of the government, or the chairmen of the Congress of Deputies and the Senate ) are entitled to display a sag spokesperson of their condition. It is a square flag of Spain with the spanish coat of arms centered on the jaundiced chevron .

Yacht ensign [edit ]

The Yacht ensign is the sag of Spain charged with the imperial crown in blue in the kernel of the scandalmongering stripe. This pin was first established in 1875 by Royal Decree ( decreto real ), which provided that the central stripe would display the royal crown ( aureole real ) ; this sag apparently continued to be used following the creation of the spanish Republic in 1931, but the royal crown was changed to a blue mural crown or a blue coronet ; the current version—depicting the royal crown in blue—was introduced following the restoration of the monarchy .

naval jack [edit ]

The Spanish naval jack is only hoisted at the bow of all Navy ships when docked or anchored in alien waters, from sunrise to sunset. In national waters it is hoisted on Sundays, festivities and in presence of a foreign warship ampere soon as it moors at the dock. The national ease up is always hoisted at the stern, when sweep, and from sunrise to sunset, when docked. [ 7 ] It is a square masthead ( ratio 1:1 ) composed of 4 quarters : [ 8 ]

First quarter, for Castile: Gules, a tower Or, masoned sable and ajouré azure;
Second quarter, for León: Argent, a lion rampant gules (differing from the one on the national flag) crowned, langued and armed or;
Third quarter, for Aragon: Or, four pallets gules;
Fourth quarter, for Navarre: Gules, a cross, saltire and orle of chains linked together Or, a centre point vert.

Flags for the Armed Forces [edit ]

The flag used by the spanish Armed Forces is the same one that is used as the express iris and national national flag. military units, however, use a less oblong, more square translation ( full size dimensions 12.80 by 14.75 metres ( 42.0 foot × 48.4 foot ) ) charged with the mention of the unit. [ citation needed ]

royal Standards of Spain [edit ]

The King of Spain uses a masthead known as the Royal Standard. The Royal Standard of Spain consists of a crimson feather with the Coat of arms of the King in the center. It is normally flown at the King ‘s official residence, the Palacio de la Zarzuela, other spanish royal sites, displayed on his official car as small flags. It is regulated by clause 2 of Royal Decree 527/2014, 20 June, an amendment to Title II of spanish Royal Decree 1511/1977 adopting Flags, Standards, Guidons, Insignia and Emblems Regulation. [ 11 ] The Royal Guidon ( Guión ), the monarch ‘s military personal ensign, is described by Rule 1 of Royal Decree 527/2014, an amendment to Title II, Rule 1 of spanish Royal Decree 1511/1977. [ 11 ] It is closely identical to the Royal Standard except that the Royal Guidon has a Gold fringe. [ 12 ] It is made of silk taffeta. The size of the guidon is 80 centimeter × 80 curium ( 31 in × 31 in ). It is the personal command ensign or positional sag of the sovereign, and is carried nearby him. The heir to the crown, the Princess of Asturias, has her own standard and guidon. The Standard of the Princess of Asturias is regulated by Royal Decree 284/2001 that modified the Title II of spanish Royal Decree 1511/1977. The Standard of the Princess of Asturias consists of a light bluing ( the color of the flag of Asturias ) square masthead with the coat of arms of the Princess of Asturias in the center. The Guidon is identical to the Standard except that the Royal Guidon has a gold fringe. It is made of silk taffeta. The size of the guidon is 80 centimeter × 80 curium ( 31 in × 31 in ). It has fallen into neglect because of the Princess ‘s young age .

history [edit ]

While the concept of a national flag did not exist in the Middle Ages, the symbol of Spain was the Royal Shield. It was frequently made up of other different flags, full of images and symbols that represented all the values that the troops or the King defended .

Standard of the Catholic monarch [edit ]

In Spain the chivalric kingdoms which merged in the sixteenth hundred had their own heraldic symbols and their navies used to display their own flags and standards on both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, where the Aragonese and Castilian Crowns had their respective areas of influence. The pin of the Crown of Aragon was a chicken flag with four bolshevik stripes ( an component which is hush common in the give flags of the territories that formed the Crown : Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Islands and Roussillon in France ). The Crown of Castile, since the final union between the kingdoms of Castile and León in 1230, used a quarter flag alternating the Castilian ( Gules, a column Or, masoned coal black and ajouré azure ) and Leonese ( Argent, a leo rampant purpure crowned or, langued and armed gules ) emblems. Aragonese and castilian flags and coats of arms merged when the Catholic sovereign created the raw symbols of their personal union of the crowns in 1475. [ citation needed ] The banner of Castile and León was the beginning european symbol to arrive in the New World. [ 13 ]

Cross of Burgundy [edit ]

The Cross of Burgundy was introduced to Spain after the marriage of Joanna of Castile to Philip the Handsome, Duke of Burgundy in 1496. The ease up was the primary symbol of Philip the Handsome. It introduced into spanish vexillology a design that although of foreign beginning, would become the chief symbol of Spain. The flag was normally embroidered on white or jaundiced fabric. The Cross of Burgundy is besides known as “ The Vane of Burgundy ” or La Cruz de San Andrés as it is derived from St. Andrew ‘s Cross. Since the reign of Charles I of Spain ( 1516-1556 ), different spanish armies have used flags with the Cross of Burgundy on unlike fields. It was besides incorporated in the uniforms of Burgundian archers, and late in the uniforms of the remainder of the army. It besides appeared on spanish regimental flags .

Habsburg Spain [edit ]

When the House of Habsburg took the spanish throne by mid-16th hundred each military company had its own flag in which appeared normally the arms of its commander over the Cross of Burgundy. In order to represent the King, they used to have another one, the “ Coronela ”, during the reign of Charles I ( Charles V as Holy Roman Emperor ) that was made of yellow silk ( the imperial discolor ) with the embroider imperial carapace. [ 14 ] When Philip II came to might, he ordered that, in addition to the flags of each caller, each Tercio should have another one of chicken color with the Cross of Burgundy in crimson. The units of Cavalry took the like flags but of smaller size, called Banners. however, at this time the concept of a national flag as understand nowadays did not exist, and so the true symbol of the nationality was represented by the Royal arms. The use of other flags besides the mention ones was frequent, with diverse images or symbols. Some examples are the masthead of Santiago ( Saint James the Great ), the green one the Emperor took during the seduction of Tunisia or the red one used by Hernán Cortés in Mexico .

Philip V and the new Bourbon dynasty [edit ]

military ease up of Philip V
Bourbonic national flag ( 1701–1760 )
Bourbonic national flag ( 1760–1785 )

The arms of Bourbon-Anjou were added in 1700 when Philip V became king of Spain. He introduced several changes on the royal arms. The king ‘s fresh arms were designed by the french heraldists Charles-René d’Hozier and Pierre Clairambault [ 15 ] in November 1700. Philip V besides changed the philosophy and the design of the flags of Spain. He was the beginning to give Spain a incorporate symbol of its own when putting on white framework the Cross of Burgundy and the Royal coat of arms. [ 16 ] It however was not a national flag, but a first “ sample ”, in note with similar attempts in other european nations. The flags were organized in three groups :

Standard or Royal flag: it continued being of crimson color, with the royal arms embroidered, the Golden Fleece and the collar of the Order of the Holy Spirit.
Military flag: the color was reduced to white with the Cross of Burgundy and the Royal arms.
Pavilion of the Navy: again white, with the Royal arms.

Origins of the portray national flag : Charles III [edit ]

In 1760 Charles III modified the shield of the Royal arms, suppressing the collar of the Holy Spirit, maintained the Golden Fleece and added two new quarters, corresponding to the House of Farnese ( six blue lilies on gold ) and Medici ( five red disk and one blue disk with three lilies of aureate, all on amber ). The military flag or Coronela of spanish regiments was, during the Bourbon years, the Cross of Burgundy with different additions in each military unit of measurement depending on their territorial origin, commander, etc. When Charles III became King of Spain, he observed that most of the countries in Europe used flags which were predominantly white and, since they were frequently at war with each other, deplorable confusions occurred at ocean, it being unmanageable to determine if a sighted ship were enemy until much the last moment. For this cause, he ordered to his Minister of the Navy to present several models of flags to him, having to be visible from great distances. The Minister selected twelve sketches which were shown to the king. The flag that was chosen as war national flag is the direct ancestor of the stream flag. It was a triband red-yellow-red, of which the yellow band was doubly the width of the loss bands, a unique feature that distinguished the spanish tribanded sag from other tribanded european flags. The flag chosen as civil ensign or for Merchant Marine manipulation, meanwhile, consisted of five stripes of yellow-red-yellow-red-yellow, in proportions 1:1:2:1:1. even though there is the democratic believe that the colors which constitute the spanish flag derived from the standard of the Crown of Aragon, there is no written evidence thus as to prove it .

moment Spanish Republic [edit ]

state flag of the Second Spanish Republic
civil flag of the Second Spanish Republic

On 14 April 1931, the monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the Second Spanish Republic. The government change was symbolized by a new tricolor ease up, crimson, chicken and murrey ( spanish : morado ), rather of the previous crimson and chicken bicolor, considered, at the time, monarchist. The aim bearing of the murrey comic strip was to represent Castile and León in the flag ‘s colours, as the existing bolshevik and yellow represented the territories of the erstwhile Crown of Aragon. The republican sag was officially adopted on 27 April and formally given to the army on 6 May. Formed by three horizontal strips of the lapp width, loss, yellow and morado, with the coat of arms of the Second Spanish Republic at the center ( quarterly of Castile, Leon, Aragon and Navarre, Enté en point for Granada, stamped by a mural crown between the two Pillars of Hercules ). Another novelty was the smaller dimensions of this flag in its military translation, of 1 m by 1 m. As for the addition of the murrey to represent Castile in the national pin, since the death quarter of the twentieth century there are authors that contradict former historians maintaining that the castilian banner was not murrey, but blush. [ 17 ]

spanish State [edit ]

The spanish Civil War officially ended on 1 April 1939, when the last spanish republican outposts were overrun by the Nationalists. The republican government in Spain was destroyed and Francisco Franco became the Caudillo of the state and remained in world power until his end on 20 November 1975. On 29 August 1936, the Junta de Defensa Nacional, issued Decree No. 77, that declared : “ The red and gold/yellow bicolor masthead is re-established as the pin of Spain ”, which served as the first flag of Nationalist Spain. This flag was replaced in 1938 by a flag bearing the eagle of John the Evangelist added to the harbor. The newly arms were allegedly inspired in the coat of arms the Catholic Monarchs adopted after the take of Granada ( represented using a granada, give voice that besides means ‘ pomegranate ‘ in spanish ) from the Moors, but replacing the arms of the Kingdom of Sicily for those of Navarre, and adding the Pillars of Hercules on each flank of the coat of arms. In 1938 the column were placed outside the wings. On 26 July 1945, the air force officer ‘s ensigns were suppressed by decree, and on 11 October a detail rule of flags was published, that fixed the model of the bi-colour ease up in use, with a new translation of the Saint John eagle. The models established on that decree were in force until 1977. During this period two more flags were normally displayed together with the national flag : the flag of spanish Falange ( three erect strips, loss, black, crimson, with the total darkness stripe being wider than the red ones, and the yoke and arrows emblem in red placed on the kernel of the black chevron ) and the Carlist flag ( the Saint Andrew st or Cross of Burgundy red on white ) as representation of the National Movement .

spanish transition [edit ]

flag of Spain from 1977 to 1981

From the death of Franco in 1975 to 1977, the national flag remained that of the 1945 regulation. On 21 January 1977 a new flag was approved that differed from the previous one in that the eagle ‘s wings opened further ( the “ pasmada ” eagle ), the Pillars of Hercules were again placed within the wings, and the ribbon with the motto UNA, GRANDE Y LIBRE ( ONE, GREAT and FREE ) was moved from the eagle ‘s neck to above the eagle ‘s head. not many flags with this coating of arms were made. Finally, and after the restoration of the House of Bourbon to the spanish toilet in the person of King Juan Carlos I, the spanish constitution of 1978 was published, article 42 section 12 of which reads “ The Flag of Spain is formed by three horizontal stripes, crimson, yellow and red, the jaundiced being double the width of each of the bolshevik ones. ” The national flag of Spain finally received its contemporary coat of arms on 19 December 1981 .

Flag of Spain – Wikipedia