This article is about the league in Turkey. For the league in Northern Cyprus, see KTFF Süper Lig Football league
The Süper Lig ( turkish pronunciation : [ ˈsypæɾ liɟ ], Super League ) is a turkish professional league for association football clubs. It is the top-flight of the Turkish football league system and is run by the Turkish Football Federation. Twenty clubs compete per annum, where a champion is decided and three clubs are promoted and relegated from, and to, the 1. Lig. The season runs from August to May, with each cabaret playing 38 matches. Matches are played Friday through Monday.
Reading: Süper Lig
The competition was initially established as the Millî Lig ( National League ) in 1959 – the first professional countrywide league competition held in Turkey. [ 3 ] The league succeeded the turkish Football Championship and the National Division, both being former top-level national competitions. The Süper Lig is presently 13th in the UEFA coefficient ranking of leagues based on golf club performances in european competitions over the survive five years. [ citation needed ] A sum of 73 clubs have competed in the Süper Lig, but only six have won the title to go steady : Galatasaray ( 22 ), Fenerbahçe ( 19 ), Beşiktaş ( 16 ), Trabzonspor ( 6 ), Bursaspor ( 1 ) and İstanbul Başakşehir ( 1 ) .
history [edit ]
football in Turkey stems back to the late nineteenth century, when Englishmen brought the bet on with them while living in Salonica ( then character of the Ottoman Empire ). [ 4 ] The first league rival was the Istanbul Football League, which took topographic point in the 1904–05 temper. The league went through several variations until the initiation of the Millî Lig ( Süper Lig ) in 1959. Between the initiation of the Istanbul League and Millî Lig, several other regional leagues took place : Adana ( 1924 ), Ankara ( 1922 ), Eskişehir ( 1924 ), İzmir ( 1924 ), Bursa ( 1924 ), and Trabzon ( 1922 ), to name a few. The first contest to bring forth a home champion was the early Turkish Football Championship, which began in 1924 and continued until 1951. [ 5 ] The championship format was based on a smasher competition, contested between the winners of each of the nation ‘s acme regional leagues. [ 6 ] The National Division ( turkish : Millî Küme ) was the beginning national league contest in Turkey. Started in 1937, the National Division consisted of the strongest club from the Ankara, Istanbul, and İzmir leagues. The championship lasted until 1950. [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
The Federation Cup was established in 1956 to decide a national champion. This ace would go on to participate in the european Cup. The contest was held for two seasons until it was replaced by the Millî Lig. Beşiktaş won both editions and qualified for the european Cup during the biennial span. however, since the TFF failed to register their name for the draw in time, Beşiktaş could not participate in the 1957–58 season after all. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The clear club of Ankara, Istanbul, and İzmir competed in the 1959 Turkish National League. The first season took plaza in the calendar year of 1959, rather of 1958-59, since the qualify stages took place in 1958. The 16 clubs who competed in the first season were : Adalet ( Istanbul ), Altay ( İzmir ), Ankaragücü ( Ankara ), Ankara Demirspor ( Ankara ), Beşiktaş ( Istanbul ), Beykoz ( Istanbul ), Karagümrük ( Istanbul ), Fenerbahçe ( Istanbul ), Galatasaray ( Istanbul ), Gençlerbirliği ( Ankara ), Göztepe ( İzmir ), Hacettepe Gençlik ( Ankara ), İstanbulspor, İzmirspor, Karşıyaka ( İzmir ), and Vefa ( Istanbul ). The first gear champions were Fenerbahçe and the first “ Gol Kralı “ ( top scorer ) was Metin Oktay. No clubs were promoted or relegated at the end of the first season. [ 11 ] The 2. Lig ( Second League ) was created at the begin of the 1963–64 season and the Millî Lig became known as the 1.Lig ( First League ). Before the foundation of a irregular division, the penetrate three clubs competed with regional league winners in a competition called the Baraj Games. The top three teams of the group were promoted to the Süper Lig. After the foundation garment of a modern moment division in 2001, known as the 1. Lig, the once titled 1. Lig was rebranded as Süper Lig. [ 12 ] The Süper Lig is home of the Fenerbahçe–Galatasaray bowler hat, the most watch football game in Turkey. It is considered to be one of the best and most acute in the universe, being ranked among the greatest football rivalries of all-time by diverse international sources. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ]
Season naming [edit ]
Since 2014-15 season, Turkish Football Federation names seasons in memory of versatile personalities, chiefly football-related. The son presented for these seasons besides feature the portrayal of the person the season is named after. This practice besides created a curse, in this character the team associated with the person the season is named after showed a badly operation during the season. The practice is introduced after former president of Beşiktaş JK, Süleyman Seba died in 13 August 2014. [ 16 ] [ 17 ]
competition format [edit ]
current blueprint of the Süper Lig Trophy, in use since 2015 There has been 18 clubs in the Süper Lig until 2020. 21 Clubs are competing in the Süper Lig starting from 2020. During the course of the season ( from August to May ) each baseball club plays the others doubly ( a double round robin organization ), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a full of 40 games. Teams receive three points for a winnings and one point for a hook. No points are awarded for a passing. Teams are ranked by sum points, then neck and neck record, then goal difference, and then goals scored. At the end of each season, the club with the most points is crown champion. If points are equal, the neck and neck criminal record and then finish difference determine the winner. The three lowest placed teams are relegated to the 1. Lig and the top two teams from the 1. Lig, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third base to sixth located 1. Lig clubs are promoted in their place. [ 19 ]
qualification for european competitions [edit ]
reservation for european competitions is as follows : champions qualify for the group degree of the Champions League, runner-up qualify for the second base stipulate polish of the Champions League, third base place qualifies for the third base qualifying cycle of the Europa League, and fourthly place qualifies for the second qualify round of the lapp competition. A fifth descry is given to the winner of the turkish Cup, who qualify for the play-off round of the Europa League. If the turkish Cup winner has already qualified for european competition through their league polish, the future highest placed club in the league takes their rate .
UEFA ranking [edit ]
As of 6 May 2021
Ranking
Member association
Coefficient
2021
2020
Mvmt
2016–17
2017–18
2018–19
2019–20
2020–21
Total
12
9
-3
Ukraine
5.500
8.000
5.600
7.200
6.800
33.100
13
11
-2
Turkey
9.700
6.800
5.500
5.000
3.100
30.100
14
13
-2
Denmark
8.500
5.250
4.875
5.125
4.125
27.875
Clubs [edit ]
a initiation member of the Süper Lig
b Never been relegated from the Süper Lig
Champions [edit ]
In sum, fifteen different clubs have won the turkish championship title, including titles won before the Süper Lig ‘s origin, namely in the former Turkish Football Championship and Turkish National Division, [ 3 ] which are denied and not counted by the Turkish Football Federation, even though they were official championships by the TFF itself. Fenerbahçe is the team which has the most national championships, with 28 titles in full.
lone six clubs have been champions since the begin of the Süper Lig earned run average in 1959 : Galatasaray 22 times, Fenerbahçe 19 times, Beşiktaş 16 times ( see bill below ), Trabzonspor 6 times, and Bursaspor and İstanbul Başakşehir once each .
1 Beşiktaş formally requested that championships won in the 1956–57 and 1957–58 editions of the turkish Federation Cup be counted as Turkish Professional First Division championships to the Turkish Football Federation. The Cup was established in 1956 to find a national supporter to represent Turkey, after UEFA decided that entirely national champions could participate in the european Cup. [ 3 ] Beşiktaş had consequently earned the right to represent Turkey in the european Cup in the 1957–58 and 1958–59 seasons. [ 21 ] The rule on this matter was announced in a press handout on March 25, 2002 which indicated that the championships won by Beşiktaş in the Federation Cup would be counted as national league championships .
Star rat system [edit ]
The honor of Golden Stars was introduced in football to recognize sides that have won multiple championships or early honours by the display of gold stars on their team badges and jerseys. In Turkey, clubs are permitted to place a golden star above their peak for every five home championships won. As of the 2020-21 season Galatasaray are permitted four golden stars, Fenerbahçe and Beşiktaş are permitted three fortunate stars, and Trabzonspor are permitted one golden star topology to be placed above their crest on their jerseys .
League engagement [edit ]
As of 2021, 73 clubs have participated. note : The tallies below include up to the 2021–22 season. Teams denoted in bold are current participants .
player records [edit ]
- Bold denotes players still active in the league.
- All players are Turkish unless otherwise indicated.
‡ Galatasaray was one of the final examination eight teams of the 1993–94 UEFA Champions League group stage, however, UEFA does not consider this a quarter-final participation .
See besides [edit ]
References and notes [edit ]
Read more: Real Sociedad