This article is about the general place in many team sports. For specific and early uses, see Goalkeeper ( disambiguation ) “ Goalie ” redirects hera. For early uses, see Goalie ( disambiguation ) In many team sports which involve scoring goals, the goalkeeper ( sometimes termed goaltender, netminder, goalie or keeper ) is a indicate player charged with directly preventing the opposing team from scoring by blocking or intercepting opposing shots on goal. such positions exist in bandy, rink bandy, camogie, association football, Gaelic football, external rules football, floorball, handball, hurling, field field hockey, ice field hockey, curler field hockey, lacrosse, ringette, rinkball, water polo, and shinty deoxyadenosine monophosphate well as in other sports.
Reading: Goalkeeper
In most sports which involve scoring in a internet, special rules apply to the goalkeeper that do not apply to other players. These rules are frequently instituted to protect the goalkeeper ( being a prey for dangerous or evening violent actions ). This is most apparent in sports such as ice ice hockey and lacrosse, where goalkeepers are required to wear extra equipment like heavy pads and a face mask to protect their bodies from the shock of the play object ( e.g. musket ball or puck. ) In some sports, goalkeepers may have the lapp rights as early players ; in association football, for exemplar, the custodian is allowed to kick the ball just as any other player, but may besides use their hands to handle the ball in a restrict area. In early sports, goalkeepers may be limited in the actions they are allowed to take or the area of the field or rink where they may be ; in the NHL, for case, goalkeepers may not play the puck in the restricted areas behind the final or take the puck across the crimson line .
Examples [edit ]
Youth-football goalkeeper In football, each team ‘s goalkeeper defends their team ‘s goal and has particular privileges within the crippled. The goalkeeper ‘s independent problem is to stop any penetration of the ball into the goal. The goalkeeper is the only musician in the english who may use his or her hands and arms to catch, throw and save the ball, but only within their own punishment area. Goalkeepers are required to wear a classifiable color jersey, disjoined from the referee ‘s new jersey color and either team ‘s regular new jersey semblance, so the referee can easily identify them. There are no other specific requirements, but goalkeepers are normally allowed to wear extra protective gear such as pad invest. Most goalkeepers besides wear gloves to protect their hands and enhance their handle of the testis. Like every player on the pitch, they are required to wear shin guards. The goalkeeper is allowed to catch the ball, and is besides allowed to punch or deflect the ball away from the finish. The goalkeeper generally has a significant advantage on a ball high in the tune, as he or she can raise their arms and play the ball before an attacker can attempt a header. When the custodian picks up the ball, they are allowed to kick it or throw it, or to place it on the ground and play it with his feet. The official Laws of the Game stipulate that once the goalkeeper has picked up the musket ball, he or she must redistribute it within six seconds ; however, referees often use their discretion arsenic long as the goalkeeper is not obviously attempting to waste time. once the keeper establishes monomania of the ball, opposing players are not allowed to attempt to play the ball and must give the goalkeeper board to attempt a kick. [ citation needed ] If a ball is in the air out and both the goalkeeper and a field player of the oppose team are challenging for the ball, advantage normally goes to the goalkeeper because he or she is not able to protect themselves. The convention by which players were no long allowed to raise their foot to a goalkeeper when he had control of the ball in his arms was set after the tragic death of Sunderland A.F.C. goalkeeper Jimmy Thorpe. [ 1 ] Despite winning the league that season, Sunderland ‘s temper was marked with tragedy after the young goalkeeper died as a result of a kick in the head and chest after he had picked up the ball following a backpass in a game against Chelsea at Roker Park. He continued to take function until the match finished, but collapsed at home afterwards and died in hospital four days late from diabetes mellitus and affection failure ‘accelerated by the harsh usage of the opposing team ‘. [ 2 ] Though the goalkeeper is broadly allowed to use their hands in the penalty box area, they are not allowed to use their hands on balls that have been intentionally kicked to them by a teammate ( it does not have to go backwards ). In such situations, the goalkeeper may play the ball with their feet, but can not pick the musket ball up. The principle applies alone to a testis which is kicked. A ball which is headed or differently not kicked may be picked up by the goalkeeper without punishment. An violation of this rule results in an collateral kick to the opposing team. The reviewer has some delicacy in making this call. For case, a ball which is merely deflected by a teammate may still be picked up by the goalkeeper. The “ back-pass ” rule has been followed in international football and in most professional and amateur leagues since the early 1990s, but leagues for younger players may choose not to enforce the rule. The back fall rule is listed in Law 12 of the Laws of the Game. As the goalkeeper is normally the team ‘s merely musician who can see the entire playing field, they much act as the organizer of the team when it is defending, such as on a free complain or a corner kick. This means the goalkeeper needs to be forte, with a voice that can project over the defensive area of the pitch. In turn, the players on their team need to be able to listen and respond to directions called to them .
Bandy [edit ]
In bandy, the goalkeeper defends his team ‘s goal and has special privileges within the plot, which is regulated in section 6 of the Bandy Playing Rules set up by the Federation of International Bandy [ 3 ] The goalkeeper ‘s main job is to stop any penetration of the ball into the goal. He is allowed to hold the ball for six seconds before he has to release it. He may drop it to a defender or chuck it directly into attack. If the testis passes the goal agate line, it is followed by different actions :
- If the ball is last touched by a defender, the reaction is an own goal if the ball goes between the goalposts.
- If it passes outside the goalposts, the reaction is a corner stroke.
- If last touched by an attacker’s stick, and passes between the posts, the reaction is a goal, or
- a disallowed goal (offside or an infringement from the attacking team).
- If the ball passes from an attacker over the goal line outside the goalposts, the goalkeeper may retrieve a new ball from a cage hanging on the goal’s either side, and put the new ball in play with no signal from the referees.
The goalkeeper is the merely musician who may use his or her hands to play the ball ( although only within their own punishment area ). According to Rule 6.1 the goalkeeper is required to wear a jersey with a different discolor from either team ‘s new jersey tinge to avoid confusion for the referee. Goalkeepers wear slog gloves to aid in catching the ball, big shinpads, a pad perspirer, and a helmet with a face disguise. [ 3 ] He is the only player in the team who can pass the ball to a teammate by help of his skates. The team might have a modesty goalkeeper, and the two may switch at any time during the game, without the need to notify the referee. There is no time-out in bandy, but an exception is sometimes made when the goalkeeper is hurt, particularly if they do n’t have a designated reserve custodian. As the goalkeeper is normally the team ‘s only player who can see the integral field, they often act as an organizer of the team when it is defending, particularly for barren strokes against them .
Field field hockey [edit ]
A field field hockey goalkeeper In battlefield field hockey, the goalkeeper by and large wears extensive protective equipment including helmet, confront and neck guards, thorax and leg embroider, weapon or elbow protectors, special gloves ( the left boxing glove is designed strictly to block the ball, the right boxing glove besides has this serve but in addition is designed to permit the goalkeeper to hold and use his or her joint ), lower leg guards ( known as pads ) and horseshoe covers ( known as kickers ). The gloves, pads and kickers are about constantly made of limited high concentration foam material that both protects the goalkeeper and has excellent bounce qualities. He or she is besides equipped with a stick ; either one designed for goalies or one as used for convention play. Specialist goalkeeper sticks must conform to the same dimensional limitations as field players ‘ sticks but are designed for optimum use with one hand and for blocking quite than hitting the ball. From 2007 teams may elect to play with 11 discipline players, and no-one has the privileges of a goalkeeper. If a goalkeeper is used, they fall into one of two categories : a fully equipped goalkeeper must wear a helmet, unless they are nominated to take a punishment stroke against the opposing goalkeeper, wear a different colored shirt and at least foot and leg guards ( sleeve and upper-body protection is optional ) ; or they may opt to wear merely a helmet. The goalkeeper is allowed to use any function of their body to play or deflect the ball, although they ca n’t obstruct its dally ( for example by lying on top of it ), and they can entirely do so within the finish circle ( or “ D ” ). Outside the D they are subject to the same rules as field players and may only use their stick to play the ball. Goalkeepers who are wearing a helmet are not permitted to pass their team ‘s 23 thousand line, with the exception of goalkeepers who take penalty strokes. however a goalkeeper who has elected to wear only a helmet is permitted to remove it and provided it is not left on the field of bid, they may take function in the game in any character of the flip, and retain their goalkeeping privileges, even if they do not have time to replace the helmet before making a save. It is compulsory to wear a helmet when defending a penalty throw or penalty corner. [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
Floorball [edit ]
In floorball, the goalkeeper defends his team ‘s goal and has limited privileges within the game. He is the only player who may use his hands to play the ball. Goalkeepers do not have sticks, and they move in the goal graze on their knees, attempting to save the shots on goal. When the goalkeeper has monomania of the ball, he has 3 seconds to throw it back into the game. He may not control the ball outside of his graze, except when kicking it. Goalkeepers are an substantive part of starting plays, as they can throw the ball for a quick dysphemistic chance. When throwing, the ball has to touch the goalkeeper ‘s own side first gear before crossing the center line. Goalkeepers are besides crucial in organizing their team ‘s games, as they see the unharmed field better. Any contact against the goalkeeper ( slashing, interference etc. ) will result in a barren shot or a 2-minute penalty. Like in methamphetamine field hockey, the goalkeeper may be substituted for an extra attacker, if a delay penalty occurs, or if his team needs a goal to tie the game in the final moments of the game. Goalkeepers may score goals, although this is not the case in some leagues. In floorball games, more goals are frequently scored than in, for example, frost field hockey, because of the extremely promptly tempo of the game and firm shots. The alone mandatary equipment for goalkeepers are masks, goalie-shirts, goalie-pants and shoes. Most goalkeepers besides wear gloves. They may besides optionally wear other protective equipment, such as stifle pads, elbow-guards, shin-guards, jocks and torso armor. In some junior/independent leagues, many goalkeepers do n’t even wear goalie-shirts, but hooded tops .
In Gaelic football, the goalkeeper ‘s independent job is to prevent a goal from being scored against his side by directly defending the team ‘s goal. A finish occurs when the testis passes through the finish ; the attack team is awarded 3 points. The goalkeeper is the only player who may handle the testis on the earth, and only inside the minor rectangle .
The term “ goal-tend ” was used in early descriptions of american football positions to describe the defensive placement farthest back from the line of scrimmage. finally the term became disused and was replaced by the term defensive fullback, then to its modern term free safety ( or punt returner in kicking situations ). Unlike in soccer or Gaelic football, the goal-tend/safety does not physically protect the goalposts, as they are elevated above the reason and largely out of the reach of any player ( the National Football League besides explicitly outlawed goaltending in 1985 ; no such rule exists in other levels of the game ). besides unlike other codes of football, goal-tends have no special ball-handling privileges. One position in which a goalkeeper-like province can arise is in canadian football, where a single point is awarded for a kick back musket ball that is not returned out of the end zone. While standard practice is for defending teams to concede the single point, situations often arise where conceding that point could jeopardize a precede. A goal-tend can frankincense be employed to recover the ball and either rejoinder it out of the end partition or, generally if it is in the close seconds of a crippled, punt the ball back into play or out of bounds to ensure the point is not conceded .
handball [edit ]
In handball, the goalkeeper is the alone actor in the team who is allowed to stay in the 6-meter zone throughout the whole competition. A goalkeeper is allowed to save the ball with all parts of his body, including two hands, trunks, two legs and then on, merely within the defending 6-meter partition. Whenever the ball is left on the prime within the 6-meter partition, the goalkeeper owns the possession of the ball ; while whenever the musket ball is in the air above the 6-meter zone, the adversary can even jump in to grasp the ball without stepping in the 6-meter zone. A goalkeeper can participate in umbrage by long-passing the ball to a teammate in the opposing half court for a fast-break score. Common handball goalkeeper invest :
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- Long-sleeve jersey
- Long trousers
- Any body protection (such as base layer or protective cup)
Hurling [edit ]
Hurling goalkeeper In hurl, the goalkeeper ‘s main tax is to prevent a goal from being scored against his side by directly defending the team ‘s goal. He besides takes “ puckouts ” after a score or wide ball. A finish occurs when the ball passes through the finish ; the attack team is awarded 3 points. The goalkeeper has one particular rule pertaining to him, opposing players may not directly physically challenge him while he is in monomania of the ball in the modest parallelogram, although they may harass him, while if he leaves the small parallelogram he is capable to the lapp rules as all other players. He wears a different color jersey, for example, if a team has blue jerseys with white baptismal font, the goalkeeper will wear a white jersey of the same invention with blue baptismal font. Most goalkeepers use a especial hurley with a broad bas ( flat face ) to aid shot-stopping .
Ice ice hockey [edit ]
An frosting ice hockey goalkeeper or “ goalkeeper ” In ice ice hockey, goalkeepers are more normally referred to as “ goaltenders ” or simply “ goalies ”. They defend their team ‘s finish zone ( internet ) by stopping shots of the puck from entering the web, therefore preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goalkeeper normally plays in or near the sphere in movement of the net called the goal crease ( often referred to merely as the crease or the net ). Because of the baron of shots, the goalkeeper wears limited equipment designed to protect the body from steer impingement. As is true with most other sports, only one goalkeeper is allowed to be on the play area for each team at any one time .
In International rules football, a hybrid game between australian rules football ( which does not have a goalkeeper ) and Gaelic football, the goalkeeper ‘s independent job is to prevent a goal from being scored. A goal occurs when the testis comes off any separate of an attacking player and passes through the goal ; the attack team is awarded 6 points .
lacrosse [edit ]
Box lacrosse [edit ]
Since the initiation of indoor or box lacrosse in the 1930s, a unique imprint of lacrosse goalkeeper was formed for the different dynamics of lacrosse on an ice-less ice field hockey pad .
Field lacrosse [edit ]
In men ‘s field lacrosse, the designated goalkeeper is allowed to have a joint from 40inches to 72inches long and the head of a goalkeeper ‘s crosse may measure up to 12inches wide. This is significantly larger than discipline players ‘ heads to assist in blocking shots. once a goalkeeper makes a write and has control of the ball in his crosse ( adhere ), he may only remain in possession of the ball inside the protective fold for four seconds ( the length may depend on the degree of play ). Before the four seconds is up, the goalkeeper must either pass the ball or leave the fold. After leaving, he may not re-enter the wrinkle with possession of the ball. While inside the kris ( nine feet in radius ), offense players may not make contact with the goalkeeper or his stick. Doing so is declared “ goalkeeper interference ” and is penalized by a free clear to the half playing field line. ( There is a significant remainder between NCAA/MLL rules and international rules regarding a pass while the goalkeeper is inside the fold : under NCAA/MLL rules, contact with a goalkeeper ‘s stick while in the act of passing, even after the ball is released, is prohibited and considered intervention. Under international rules, security ends when possession ends. Therefore, contact with a goalkeeper ‘s adhere after the musket ball is released, is legal. ) In addition, a goalkeeper is allowed to make contact with the ball with his hand, although he is not allowed to control it or pick it up. In women ‘s lacrosse, once a goalkeeper makes a save and has see of the ball in her crosse, she may remain in possession of the ball inside the wrinkle for ten-spot seconds. The hindrance principle is similar to men ‘s lacrosse ; unlike in the men ‘s game, a woman goalkeeper is allowed to control or even pick up the ball in her hand. In both men ‘s and women ‘s lacrosse, goalkeepers are required to wear a helmet and 4-point chinstrap, a throat defender, gloves, and a chest of drawers defender. Use of a protective cup is, for obvious reasons, required in the men ‘s game ; thigh pads and shinguards are besides being required for women goalkeepers as of 2007. Although they are permitted to, few goalkeepers elect to wear optional protective equipment, including elbow and shoulder pads, second joint pads and tibia guards, and long perspiration pants .
netball [edit ]
In netball, the Goal Keeper ( denoted GK ) must stay within the defensive third of the woo. A goal keeper is one of four positions allowed within the fritter circle ( along with the Goal Defence, Goal Attack and Goal Shooter ). The Goal Keeper frequently matches up against the opposing side ‘s Goal Shooter .
Water polo [edit ]
Goalie eggbeatering ( besides known as froggy-kicking ) ( besides known as water-jumping ) up to block a guess. Goalkeepers in body of water polo are granted some particular privileges when inside the five meter sphere :
- The ability to touch the ball with two hands.
- The ability to stand (that is, if he can. Most Water polo pools are at least two meters deep)
- The ability to punch the ball with a clenched fist
however, they have one limitation that field players do not have : they may not cross the half-distance line. rule change in 2006 : The four and seven meter lines were merged to a five-meter line. A goalkeeper may now under revised rules :
- Go beyond the 5m line according to the field rules (one hand) and not pass the half line.
- Use two hands
New cap rules :
- A goalie cap must now be in quarters alternating red/dark for home and red/white for away
- The goalie must be number 1, 13, or 15
- For females: a red swim cap must be worn under the goalie cap, a team’s dark swim cap is no longer acceptable as it is hard to distinguish a goalie from field players if official cap is off.
These revisions are according to the NFHS 2006-2007 swimming/diving and water polo rulebook. USWP and NCAA rules may vary slightly. The water polo goalkeeper is the least protect goalkeeper with no gloves or body protection .
Goalkeepers on coins and postage stamps [edit ]
Goalkeepers are regarded as one of the hardest positions to play consequently they can have a huge impact on a countries culture. Goalkeepers have been used on some collectors ‘ coins and medals such as the austrian 5 euro 100 years of football coin that was minted on 12 May 2004. The coin depicts a successful inject by a football player, shown in the background, with the ball good passing the goalkeeper ( however in the air ) into the finish .
References [edit ]
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