| English: The Marseillaise | |
|---|---|
 The Marseillais volunteers departing, sculpted on the , sculpted on the Arc de Triomphe |
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| National anthem of France | |
| besides known as
Reading: La Marseillaise – Wikipedia |
Chant de Guerre pour l’Armée du Rhin (English: War song for the Army of the Rhine) |
| Lyrics | Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, 1792 |
| Music | Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle |
| Adopted | July 14, 1795 1870 |
| Relinquished | 1799 (readopted in 1870) |
| Audio sample | |
“ La Marseillaise ” ( instrumental )
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“ La Marseillaise “ [ a ] is the national hymn of France. The song was written in 1792 by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in Strasbourg after the declaration of war by France against Austria, and was in the first place titled “ Chant de guerre pour l’Armée du Rhin “ ( “ War Song for the Army of the Rhine “ ). The french National Convention adopted it as the Republic ‘s anthem in 1795. The song acquired its dub after being sung in Paris by volunteers from Marseille marching to the capital. The song is the first case of the “ european parade ” anthemic style. The anthem ‘s evocative tune and lyrics have led to its widespread use as a song of rotation and its incorporation into many pieces of classical and democratic music .
history [edit ]
As the french Revolution continued, the monarchies of Europe became implicated that revolutionist excitement would spread to their countries. The War of the beginning Coalition was an attempt to stop the revolution, or at least contain it to France. Initially, the french united states army did not distinguish itself, and Coalition armies invaded France. On 25 April 1792, Baron Philippe-Frédéric de Dietrich, the mayor of Strasbourg and adoring master of the local masonic charge, asked his freemason guest Rouget de Lisle to compose a song “ that will rally our soldiers from all over to defend their fatherland that is under threat ”. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] That even, Rouget de Lisle wrote “ Chant de guerre pour l’Armée du Rhin ” [ 3 ] ( english : “ War Song for the Army of the Rhine “ ), and dedicated the birdcall to Marshal Nicolas Luckner, a bavarian freemason in french service from Cham. [ 4 ] A brass on the build on Place Broglie where De Dietrich ‘s house once stood commemorates the event. [ 5 ] De Dietrich was executed the next year during the Reign of Terror. [ 6 ]
François Mireur, anonymous, terra cotta flop The tune soon became the rallying predict to the french Revolution and was adopted as “ La Marseillaise ” after the tune was inaugural sing on the streets by volunteers ( fédérés in French ) from Marseille by the end of May. These fédérés were making their entrance into the city of Paris on 30 July 1792 after a young volunteer from Montpellier called François Mireur had sung it at a patriotic assemble in Marseille, and the troops adopted it as the border song of the National Guard of Marseille. [ 3 ] A newly graduated checkup doctor, Mireur late became a general under Napoléon Bonaparte and died in Egypt at age 28. [ 7 ] The song ‘s lyrics reflect the invasion of France by foreign armies ( from Prussia and Austria ) that was under way when it was written. Strasbourg itself was attacked just a few days later. The invade forces were repulsed from France following their kill in the Battle of Valmy. As the huge majority of Alsatians did not speak French, a german version ( “ Auf, Brüder, auf dem Tag entgegen ” ) was published in October 1792 in Colmar. [ 8 ]
belgian singer Jean Noté singing “ La Marseillaise ” in 1907 The Convention accepted it as the french national hymn in a decree passed on 14 July 1795, making it France ‘s beginning anthem. [ 9 ] It later lost this condition under Napoleon I, and the song was banned outright by Louis XVIII and Charles X, being re-instated lone concisely after the July Revolution of 1830. [ 10 ] During Napoleon I ‘s reign, “ Veillons au salut de l’Empire “ was the unofficial anthem of the regimen, and in Napoleon III ‘s reign, it was “ Partant pour lanthanum Syrie “, but the Government brought back the iconic anthem in an attempt to motivate the french people during the Franco-Prussian War. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, “ La Marseillaise ” was recognised as the anthem of the international rotatory motion ; as such, it was adopted by the Paris Commune in 1871, albeit with modern lyrics under the deed “ La marseillaise de la Commune “. Eight years late, in 1879, it was restored as France ‘s national anthem, and has remained so ever since. [ 10 ]
musical [edit ]
Commemorative plaque on 3, Place Broglie in Strasbourg. The inscription reads (in English translation): “Here stood the hotel where La Marseillaise sung by Rouget de l’Isle was heard for the first time by Mayor Dietrich, 26 April 1792” respective melodious antecedents have been cited for the melody :
early attributions ( the credo of the fourthly mass of Holtzmann of Mursberg [ 18 ] ) have been refuted. [ 19 ] Rouget de Lisle himself never signed the score of “ La Marseillaise ” .
Lyrics [edit ]
| French | English translation |
| Allons enfants de la Patrie, Le jour de gloire est arrivé ! Contre mind de la tyrannie L’étendard sanglant est levé, ( bismuth ) Entendez-vous dans les campagnes Mugir ces féroces soldats ? Ils viennent jusque dans vos bras Égorger vos fils, vos compagnes ! Aux armes, citoyens, Que veut cette drove d’esclaves, Aux armes, citoyens … Quoi ! des cohortes étrangères Aux armes, citoyens … Tremblez, tyrans et vous perfides Aux armes, citoyens … Français, en guerriers magnanimes, Aux armes, citoyens … Amour sacré de la Patrie, Aux armes, citoyens … ( Couplet des enfants ) [ 20 ] Aux armes, citoyens … Read more: Mizuno – Wikipedia |
Arise, children of the Fatherland, The day of glory has arrived ! Against us, tyranny ‘s Bloody standard is raised, (repeat) Do you hear, in the countryside, The roar of those ferocious soldiers ? They ‘re coming right into your arms To cut the throats of your sons, your women ! To arms, citizens, What does this horde of slaves, To arms, citizens … What ! Foreign cohorts To arms, citizens … Tremble, tyrants and you traitors To arms, citizens … Frenchmen, as greathearted warriors, To arms, citizens … Sacred love of the Fatherland, To arms, citizens … ( Children ‘s Verse ) To arms, citizens … |
extra verses [edit ]
These verses have been omitted from the national anthem .
| Dieu de clémence et de justice Vois nobelium tyrans, juge nos coeurs Que tantalum bonté nous soit propice Défends-nous de ces oppresseurs ( bismuth ) Tu règnes gold ciel et sur terre Et devant Toi, tout doit fléchir De short ton bras, viens nous soutenir Toi, grand Dieu, maître du tonnerre. Aux armes, citoyens … Peuple français, connais tantalum gloire ; Aux armes, citoyens … Nous avons de la tyrannie Aux armes, citoyens … La France que l’Europe admire Aux armes, citoyens … Foulant aux pieds les droits de l’Homme, Aux armes, citoyens … Oui ! Déjà d’insolents despotes Aux armes, citoyens … À vous ! Que la gloire environne, Aux armes, citoyens … ( Couplet des enfants ) Aux armes, citoyens … |
God of clemency and justice See our tyrants, estimate our hearts Your good be with us Defend us from these oppressors ( duplicate ) You reign in heaven and on earth And before you all must bend In your arms, come corroborate us You, great God, lord of thunder. To arms, citizens … french people know thy glory To arms, citizens … Of dictatorship, we have To arms, citizens … France that Europe admires To arms, citizens … Trampling on the rights of man, To arms, citizens … Yes ! Already audacious despots To arms, citizens … To you ! Let glory smother To arms, citizens … ( Children ‘s Verse ) To arms, citizens … |
noteworthy arrangements [edit ]
Score of the opening lines of “La Marseillaise” “ La Marseillaise ” was arranged for soprano, refrain and orchestra by Hector Berlioz in about 1830. [ 21 ] Franz Liszt wrote a piano transcription of the hymn. [ 22 ] During World War I, bandleader James Reese Europe played a sleep together version of “ La Marseillaise ”, [ 23 ] which can be heard on separate 2 of the Ken Burns 2001 TV documentary Jazz. Serge Gainsbourg recorded a reggae version in 1978, titled “ Aux armes et cætera “. [ 24 ] Jacky Terrasson besides recorded a jazz adaptation of “ La Marseillaise ”, included in his 2001 album A Paris. [ 25 ]
Adaptations in other melodious works [edit ]
celebrated use in early media [edit ]
historical Russian habit [edit ]
In Russia, “ La Marseillaise ” was used as a republican rotatory anthem by those who knew french starting in the eighteenth century, about simultaneously with its adoption in France. In 1875 Peter Lavrov, a narodnik revolutionary and theorist, wrote a Russian-language textbook ( not a translation of the french matchless ) to the lapp melody. This “ Worker ‘s Marseillaise “ became one of the most popular revolutionary songs in Russia and was used in the Revolution of 1905. After the February Revolution of 1917, it was used as the semi-official national hymn of the new Russian democracy. flush after the October Revolution, it remained in use for a while alongside The Internationale. [ 31 ]
criticism [edit ]
The English philosopher and reformer Jeremy Bentham, who was declared an honorary citizen of France in 1791 in recognition of his sympathies for the ideals of the french Revolution, was not enamoured of “ La Marseillaise ”. Contrasting its qualities with the “ smasher ” and “ simplicity ” of “ God Save the King “, he wrote in 1796 :
The War whoop of anarchy, the Marseillais Hymn, is to my ear, I must confess, independently of all moral association, a most blue, flat, and graceless ditty : and to any ear it is at any pace a long wind and complicated one. In the example of a tune sol mischievous in its lotion, it is a fortunate incident, if, in itself, it should be doomed neither in point of universality, nor permanence, to gain equal hold on the affections of the people. [ 32 ]
Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, a former President of France, has said that it is absurd to sing about drenching french fields with impure prussian blood as a german Chancellor takes the salute in Paris. [ 33 ] A 1992 campaign to change the words of the song involving more than 100 outstanding french citizens, including Danielle Mitterrand, wife of then-President François Mitterrand, was unsuccessful. [ 34 ] The british historian Simon Schama discussed “ La Marseillaise ” on BBC Radio 4 ‘s Today program on 17 November 2015 ( in the contiguous consequence of the Paris attacks ), saying it was “ … the great example of courage and solidarity when facing danger ; that ‘s why it is sol invigorating, that ‘s why it truly is the greatest national anthem in the world, ever. Most national anthems are pompous, brassy, pompous, but this is authentically thrilling. very important in the song … is the line ‘before us is absolutism, the bloody criterion of dictatorship has risen ‘. There is no more ferocious dictatorship properly now than ISIS, so it ‘s extremely easy for the tragically and desperately grieving french to identify with that ”. [ 35 ]
See besides [edit ]
Notes [edit ]
References [edit ]
further read [edit ]
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