Sports league

Football league
The Peru First Division ( spanish pronunciation : [ pɾiˈmeɾa ðiβiˈsjon ] ; First Division ) —known as Liga 1 Betsson for sponsorship reasons and formally as Liga 1 [ 1 ] — is the circus tent flight of association football in Peru. It has been referred to as Torneo Descentralizado since 1966, when the first teams residing outside the Lima and Callao provinces were invited to compete in the inaugural league national competition.

The independent sponsor is the spanish telecommunication brand Movistar. There are 20 teams in the division of a league that operates on a system of forwarding and delegating determined at the end of the season with the Segunda División and the Copa Perú. Seasons run from February to December with each team playing 44 matches. The league is organized by Asociación Deportiva de Fútbol Profesional ( english : master Football Sport Association ) ( ADFP ) The peruvian Football League was founded on an amateur footing and organized in 1912 into the two tiers of Primera División and the Segunda División. Editions from 1912 to 1921 were played by clubs based in Lima and considered unofficial by the peruvian Football Federation ( FPF ), which came into universe in 1926. The Primera División became professional in 1951. In 1966, the first true national league was founded and continues. As of the winnings by stream champion Alianza Lima in the 2021 season, the league championship has gone to 21 different clubs, though a majority ( 70 of 105 championships ) have been won by just three clubs : Universitario ( 26 ), Alianza Lima ( 24 ), and Sporting Cristal ( 20 ) .

history [edit ]

inaugural clubs [edit ]

1912 – 1921 Escudo Dewar trophy. football was introduced in Peru in the nineteenth century by british residents in Lima. The early players were british residents, british sailors that stopped at the port in Callao, or upper class Peruvians were introduced to the sport on their travels. The first base recorded football peer in Lima was played on 7 August 1892 between british residents and Peruvians at the club grind Santa Sofía belonging to the Lima Cricket and Lawn Tennis club. interest in sport lento grew among the upper berth course Peruvians who established clubs, such as Lima Cricket & Lawn Tennis and Regatas Lima club dedicated their sport activities to cricket and tennis, and aquatic sports. extra clubs would follow : lawn Tennis club, Unión Cricket, and Unión Ciclista Lima. Football would gain a keep up : Unión Cricket would be the inaugural clubhouse to include football in their activities. other clubs would follow. [ 2 ] fair before the turn of the twentieth century, football was encouraged among students that began to hold little inter-scholastic championships. The first football club in Peru was Association FBC, founded on 20 May 1897 by students from different schools. several other schools and students started their own football clubs. One cabaret founded on 9 June 1902 by cricket enthusiasts from the Instituto Chalaco was Atlético Chalaco. They started to play football and become a representative team of Callao. Conversely, some educational institutions, like Universidad San Marcos would adopt a system of contest among clubs formed of faculty of each its colleges. Their competitions started a early as 1899. In time one faculty team would separate from the university to form their own independent football clubhouse, known nowadays as Universitario. Clubs unaffiliated with educational institutions started to form. One of these clubs was Sport Alianza—today Alianza Lima —which was founded by Italians and Chinese of the working class of Lima in 1901 although their available records date from around 1912. [ 2 ]

La Liga Peruana de fútbol [edit ]

After a period of time of random play rival among clubs, the estimate of a league and championship status developed. In 1912, club Sporting Miraflores invited several other clubs in Lima and Callao to participate in the formation of a football league. Those clubs that accepted established the La Liga Peruana de fútbol ( peruvian Football League ) ; teams from Callao declined the invitation. The inaugural season in 1912 established two divisions ; Primera División and Segunda División. The Primera División composed of Lima Cricket, Association FBC, Miraflores, Sporting Miraflores, Jorge Chávez N°1, Escuela Militar de Chorrillos, Sport Progreso, Sport Inca and Sport Vitarte while the Segunda División composed Sport Lima, Carlos Tenaud N°1, Carlos Tenaud N°2, Atlético Grau N°1, Unión Miraflores, Libertad Barranco, Atlético Peruano y Sport Magdalena. Lima Cricket inaugurated the tournament backing title ; Association finished second base. The first version was a relative success despite some child setbacks. For case, Escuela Militar de Chorrillos withdrew from the tournament in the center of the season after only have earned 1 point. The second gear edition of the Liga Peruana had Jorge Chávez N°1 reach the top. The follow class Lima Cricket would count a moment style. Sport José Gálvez —who refused to participate in 1912—won straight championships in 1915 and 1916. In 1917 Sport Juan Bielovucic championed the Liga. Sport Alianza would earn its first titles in 1918 and 1919. Sport Inca and Sport Progreso won the 1920 and 1921 seasons respectively. The league ran uninterrupted for 10 seasons until La Liga Peruana de fútbol temporarily disbanded due to disagreements. between 1922 and 1925 no championships were played. [ 3 ]

New earned run average [edit ]

The peruvian Football Federation was founded in 1922 and restarted the peruvian football league in 1926 with the addition of teams from Callao. unfortunately, the two championships in 1926 and 1927 suffered drawback as teams withdrew from the league mid-season. Of the 11 competing teams, Sport Progreso was crowned champion. Because many clubs withdrew from the tournament, Sport Progeso only played 6 games. The following season, Alianza Lima conquered its third base claim ; they had already won two back-to-back titles in 1918 and 1919. This temper featured 8 teams. As in 1926, the league did not finish properly and Alianza Lima won after winning its 3 matches. In 1928, the federation increased the number of teams to 19 and separated them into 2 groups. 5 teams advanced to second stage where the winner was league champion. The first Clásico took invest in this season. In the moment degree Alianza Lima faced the newly invited Federación Universitaria. The equal was a 1–0 win for Federación Universitaria and began the biggest competition in the history of peruvian football. At the end of the second stage, Federación Universitaria and Alianza Lima were tied for first place which led to two extra matches between them to declare the 1928 supporter. The beginning equal was a 1–1 draw and the second was a 2–0 win for Alianza Lima. Following a second-place stopping point in their first base division debut, Federación Universitaria would go on to win their first base title in 1929. In 1930, the federation experimented with a modern format. They separated the teams in 3 groups of 4 teams. The winner of each group advanced to the backing group to define the season champion. The three finalists were Atlético Chalaco, Alianza Lima, and Federación Universitaria. Atlético Chalaco would go on to win Callao ‘s foremost title. Alianza Lima won the following three seasons while Federación Universitaria ( nowadays Club Universitario de Deportes ) was the achiever in 1934. In 1935, the title would go back to Callao after Sport Boys –founded in 1927 and debuted in 1933–defeated the 4 teams it was competing against. In 1936, no championship was contested ascribable to the participation of Peru in the Summer Olympics in Berlin. The championship returned in 1937 to be won by Sport Boys. The Peru national team that competed in Berlin was made up of by and large footballers who played in Sport Boys. One of the few exceptions was Teodoro Fernández who played for Universitario and scored 6 goals in 2 games. Municipal, another club that would become a traditional team in peruvian football, won its first backing in 1938 and a second gear in 1940 whilst Universitario a total four titles by winning in 1939 and 1941. Prior to 1939, teams played all other teams once in the course of the temper. For the 1939, 1940, and 1941 seasons, teams played all others twice instead—a double round-robin tournament .

Results of the ‘Big Three’ during the 2000s

Season
ALI
CRI
UNI
2000
7
2
1
2001
1
6
2

2002
3
1
2

2003
1
2
9

2004
1
2
5

2005
7
1
3

2006
1
3
5

2007
5
10
4

2008
11
3
2

2009
2
10
1
Top three
6
7
6

out of 10

Champions
Second place
Third place

In 1941 the Asociación No Amateur ( Non-Amateur Association ) took the stall as the league ‘s personal digital assistant and renamed the league Campeonato de Selección y Competencia. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] In 1942, Sport Boys won a third gear championship, finishing one orient ahead of Deportivo Municipal. In this season, a unmarried round-robin tournament was performed but the double round-robin returned following temper. Deportivo Municipal lifted their one-third league trophy in 1943, and began to consolidate their invest in peruvian football. In 1944, a new supporter was crowned by the appoint of Sucre. Universitario returned to the top after winning back-to-back title between 1945 and 1946. In 1947 Atlético Chalaco won its last top flight division claim. 1948 saw Alianza Lima taste glory again after trophyless seasons since their conquests between 1931 and 1933. 1949 and 1950—won by Universitario and Deportivo Municipal respectively—were the last two championships played before football would become a professional sport in Peru. Between 1946 and 1949, a triple round-robin tournament was employed until in 1950 the double round-robin arrangement made its return. Midway through the twentieth hundred, most of the clubs which had founded La Liga Peruana de fútbol had disappeared from the lead flight and five teams had become the prevailing forces in Peru ; Alianza Lima, Universitario de Deportes, Deportivo Municipal, Sport Boys and Atletico Chalaco .

Professional league and Decentralizado [edit ]

In 1951 the top flight of peruvian football earned professional condition and the organization of the league was handed over to the ACF or Asociación Central de Fútbol ( Central Football Association ). Sport Boys won the foremost professional backing. In next 4 years, Alianza Lima rose to conquer 3 titles in 1952, 1954 and 1955. In addition, erstwhile champion Sucre won a second championship in 1953. The professional era saw the rise of a new team that would rival the five dominant allele clubs of the amateurish era. During the course of peruvian football, Rimac-based Sporting Tabaco was a regular rival. however, in December 1955, the brewery Backus and Johnston founded Sporting Cristal to represent them in the top flight. In their debut in professional football, Sporting Cristal won their first championship in 1956. The follow season, a relatively unknown golf club by the name of Centro Iqueño won the backing. In addition, the 1957 temper employed a new tournament format. After the duplicate round-robin stage, the 10 teams were split into 2 groups for a far 4 matches. The top 5 would play for the temper title and the bottom 5 for preventing relegation. This format would be used until 1959, between 1964 and 1965 ( a similar format would be employed in 1969 and 1970 ). Sport Boys won a fifth entitle in 1958 while Universitario won an eighth in 1959. The 1960 season had a fresh attractive feature to Peruvian football ; the champion would qualify to the newly created Copa de Campeones—today Copa Libertadores. Universitario de Deportes was the inaugural peruvian clubhouse to compete in the south american continental tournament after winning the 1960 season. In 1962 the ACF ended its guide and the ADFP took its set as the stream organizer of the league. In 1965, the runner-up would join the champion in the Copa Libertadores as CONMEBOL expanded the continental tournament. Up until 1965, only clubs based in Lima or Callao competed. Therefore, in 1966 the Asociación decided to expand the league outside Lima and Callao leading the championship to be renamed the Campeonato Descentralizado ( Decentralized Championship ). Atlético Grau of Piura, Melgar of Arequipa, Octavio Espinosa of Ica, and Alfonso Ugarte de Chiclín of Trujillo were the first gear four peruvian clubs from the area interior to be invited to play in the exceed flight of peruvian football, expanding it to 14 teams. The braid in this first gear Descentralizado was that only the best locate cabaret outside Lima and Callao would remain in the inaugural division ; the other three would be relegated along with 1 Lima/Callao-based team. Miguel Grau—finished sixth—remained in the first base division while Universitario was crowned first Descentralizado champion. With the new home backing, the Copa Perú was created to promote clubs outside the capital hub along with the Segunda División which promoted clubs from Lima and Callao. The beginning Copa Perú was played in 1967—prior to the begin of the 1967 Descentralizado—returning Alfonso Ugarte de Chiclín and Octavio Espinoza to the top trajectory in summation to newcomer Juan Aurich of Chiclayo. Universitario would go on to win the second base edition of the Torneo Descentralizado. however, in this season, alone one club from the nation interior was relegated alternatively of three. In the Torneo Descentralizado ‘s third base edition, improvements were made by the teams outside the capital hub, besides known as provincianos to denote the clubs originate from the provinces of Peru. notably Juan Aurich of Chiclayo tied with Sporting Cristal at the end of the season for first place. The championship was to be defined in a single playoff meet in the Estadio Nacional. Sporting adam won the playoff 2–1 but Juan Aurich, as runner-up, qualified for the Copa Libertadores, being the first provinciano to do so. In 1969, the tournament suffered a minor change in the format. The tournament was played with 14 teams, as had been since 1966, however after the first leg of the round robin matchups, the table was split into two parts, with the clear 6 fighting for the national title and the bottom 8 avoiding relegation. Universitario won their third Descentralizado deed totalizing thirteen Primera División titles. In 1970, the national backing would modify the previous season ‘s format. After the clubs played each other in a double round-robin tournament, the clubs would be separated into two groups of 7 each, then playing an extra double over round-robin tournament to determine the champion. Sporting Cristal finished foremost obtaining their fourth league championship, tying Deportivo Municipal ‘s record. For the 1971 season, the backing was expanded to 16 teams. Universitario won the season title reaching fourteen Primera División titles, tying arch-rivals Alianza Lima in beginning division titles. Universitario ‘s participation in the following temper ‘s Copa Libertadores would lead to an appearance in the continental finals against Independiente of Argentina, defeating Alianza Lima, Universidad de Chile and Unión San Felipe in the first group stagecoach ampere well as defending champion Nacional and three-time champion Peñarol in the second group stage. In the first stage of the finals, they would draw in Lima 0–0 and lose 2–1 in Avellaneda. As in the 1972 Copa Libertadores, Universitario would finish second in the Descentralizado of 1972 to Sporting Cristal, tying Sport Boys 5 style record. Starting in 1984, the regional leagues would be employed which would be a complex system which featured up to 40 teams from all over the country .

Results of the ‘Big Three’ during the 2010s

Season
ALI
CRI
UNI
2010
3
7
4

2011
2
10
14

2012
14
1
11

2013
4
3
1

2014
4
1
6

2015
9
2
7

2016
5
1
3

2017
1
8
4

2018
2
1
9

2019
2
3
4

Top three
5
7
2

out of 10

Champions
Second place

Third place

In 1997 the tournament format was modified again, this time employing a similar system being used in Argentina at the clock time. The general estimate of the system was to divide the season into two tournaments called the Apertura and Clausura tournaments. At the end of the season the tournament winners faced in a season final for the backing championship. The 1997 season did not have a final after Alianza Lima won both tournaments mechanically winning the 1997 title ending an 18-season title drought. At the end of the 2008 season this format was abolished due to the lack of championship playoffs in 2007 and 2008. The 2009 season employed a new liguilla format including a regular season between 16 teams which would qualify to two groups depending on their placement at the end of the regular season. The winners of each group would dispute a two-legged concluding at the end of the season to determine the national champion. In 2018 the peruvian Football Federation announced that the league would be restructured, called “ Liga de Fútbol Profesional ” and organized by the national federation itself alternatively of the ADFP, starting with the 2019 version. [ 6 ] As of 2020, Universitario, Alianza Lima and Sporting Cristal have won 26, 23 and 19 official league titles respectively. They are regarded as the Big Three of Peru. however, early teams have risen to newly heights. In particular, a team from Cusco, Cienciano, has been the only peruvian team to win external tournaments ( Copa Sudamericana 2003 and Recopa Sudamericana 2004 ), though it has yet to win the domestic league title. early luminary teams include Binacional, Melgar, Juan Aurich and Unión Huaral, which are the only non-capital teams to have won a national championship. [ 7 ]

domestic [edit ]

The 2019 temper will be played by 18 teams. The temper will be divided into three stages : Torneo Apertura, Torneo Clausura, and the Playoffs. The first and second stages will be two smaller Apertura and Clausura tournaments of 17 games each. Each team will play the other teams once during the Apertura tournament and once during the Clausura tournament in turn back regulate for a total of 34 matches. Points earned during the Apertura will not carry over during the Clausura. The winners of the Apertura and Clausura stages will qualify to the playoffs along with the acme two teams of the sum postpone at the end of the season. The playoffs to decide the home supporter will be contested by four teams, which will play two semifinals with the winners playing the concluding. In every stagecoach of the playoffs, the teams with the most points on the aggregate table will choose which branch they play as the home team. If the teams are tied in points after the two legs of the final examination, a third match on neutral land will be played to decide the national champion. If a team wins both the Apertura and Clausura, the playoffs will not be played and that team will be declared as ace. qualification to external competitions will be as follows : the acme four teams of the aggregate table will qualify for the Copa Libertadores, while the future four best teams in that mesa will qualify for the Copa Sudamericana. In case the Copa Bicentenario winners have already qualified for an external competition, the eighth best team in the aggregate table will besides qualify for the Copa Sudamericana. [ 8 ] The two teams with the fewest points in the aggregate board at the end of the season will be relegated. A system of forwarding and relegation exists between the Primera División and the Segunda División. The two lowest placed teams in Primera División are relegated to the Segunda División, and the top team from the Segunda División and Copa Perú promoted to Primera. [ citation needed ]

Number of clubs in Primera División throughout the years

Period (in years)

No. of clubs

1912–1916

8 clubs

1917

13 clubs

1918–1919

14 clubs

1920

9 clubs

1921–1926

11 clubs

1927

8 clubs

1928

19 clubs

1929

13 clubs

1930–1931

12 clubs

1932

8 clubs

1933–1934

10 clubs

1935

5 clubs

1938–1941

8 clubs

Number of clubs in Primera División throughout the years

Period (in years)

No. of clubs

1942

10 clubs

1943–1949

8 clubs

1950–1965

10 clubs

1966–1970

14 clubs

1971–1972

16 clubs

1973

18 clubs

1974

22 clubs

1975

18 clubs

1976–1983

16 clubs

1984

25 clubs

1985–1987

30 clubs

1988

37 clubs

Number of clubs in Primera División throughout the years

Period (in years)

No. of clubs

1989

42 clubs

1990

44 clubs

1991

41 clubs

1992–1996

16 clubs

1997–2003

12 clubs

2004

14 clubs

2005–2007

12 clubs

2008

14 clubs

2009–2018

16 clubs

2019

18 clubs

2020

20 clubs

2021–2022

18 clubs

International [edit ]

Eight teams participate in international competitions while they play the national championship. These international club fixtures take place during the week on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays. Peru is allotted 4 spots in the Copa Libertadores and 4 in the Copa Sudamericana .

confederacy american reservation [edit ]

South America has two external competitions played every year. For 2019, Peru will have eight berths, four in the Copa Libertadores and four in the Copa Sudamericana .
The Peruvian First Division is sponsored by Movistar TV ( once known as Cable Mágico ), therefore the name Copa Movistar. They have had exclusive circulate rights since 2000 .

Rivalries [edit ]

Clubs [edit ]

The Estadio Nacional is an iconic football stadium in Peru. It has hosted hundreds of matches since its inauguration in 1952. The site of the stadium was in the first place a stadium that hosted the beginning matches in La Liga Peruana de fútbol. presently, 20 clubs participate in the Liga 1, an increase of two from the 2019 season. Of these 20 clubs, alone Universitario and Alianza Lima are owners of their home stadiums. The remaining 18 clubs are dependent upon the Instituto Peruano del Deporte for their local matches. 3 baseball club operate on as Sociedades Anónimas, the equivalent of a public limited ship’s company in the United Kingdom ; these clubs are Universidad San Martín, Universidad César Vallejo and Sporting Cristal. The remaining 13 golf club function as civil non-profit associations or asociaciónes civiles sin fines de lucro in spanish. 7 of these clubs are from the Lima metropolitan sphere and the remaining clubs make up the 11 teams from the country ‘s inner. Prior to the current 18-club Primera División, 14 teams competed in 2008, 12 between 2006 and 2007, and 16 between 2009 and 2018. In 1989 and 1990, the Primera División played with a record 44 teams. [ 9 ] Universitario and Alianza Lima have a well-defined advantage of titles won over the early clubs in Peru. Since 1912, they have won a combine total of 48 Primera División championships of the 97 seasons contested, 26 and 22 respectively. Sporting Cristal trails behind with 19 professional era titles since their introduction in 1956 and far behind is the traditional Sport Boys having conquered 6 league titles. Universidad de San Martín de Porres challenged the dominance of the Big Three with back-to-back titles in 2007 and 2008 and a third in 2010. In summation, Binacional, Melgar, Juan Aurich, and Unión Huaral are the only clubs outside the metropolitan area of Lima to have won a national backing. other noteworthy clubs to have won championships include 4-time winner Deportivo Municipal. Universitario is the club with the longest spell in the Primera División, playing since 1928 when they debuted as Federación Universitaria and changing their name to Universitario de Deportes a few years by and by. They are followed by archrivals Alianza Lima who competed in the foremost edition of the Primera División but were relegated in 1938 and returning a class subsequently for an uninterrupted spell since 1940. Melgar is the team with the longest run in the Primera División outside Lima, competing since 1971. [ 7 ] The oldest clubs presently participating in the Primera División is Alianza Lima which was founded at the begin of the turn of the hundred in 1901. The newest clubs active voice in the Primera División include Binacional and Cusco FC. Ayacucho was previously known under several unlike names but the entity first played in the top flight as Inti Gas with their forwarding after finishing second in the 2008 Segunda División .

list of champions [edit ]

Titles by cabaret [edit ]

  • There are 21 clubs who have won the Peruvian title.
  • Teams in bold compete in the Liga 1 as of the 2022 season.
  • Italics indicates clubs that no longer exist or disaffiliated from the FPF.

top scorers [edit ]

As of 26 January 2021

See besides [edit ]

References [edit ]