Football league
The 2. Bundesliga ( Zweite Bundesliga [ ˈtsvaɪtə ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa ] ) is the second gear division of professional football in Germany. It was implemented 11 years after the initiation of the Fußball- Bundesliga as the new moment division for professional football. [ 1 ] The 2. Bundesliga is ranked below the Bundesliga and above the 3. Liga in the german football league system. All of the 2. Bundesliga clubs qualify for the DFB-Pokal, the annual german Cup competition. A full of 127 clubs have competed in the 2. Bundesliga since its foundation.
Reading: 2. Bundesliga
The decision to establish the league as the second gear degree of football in West Germany was made in May 1973. The league started operate in August 1974, then with two divisions of 20 clubs. It was reduced to a one class in 1981. From the 1991–92 season onwards clubs from former East Germany started participating in the league, briefly expanding it to two divisions again. It returned to a one division format again at the end of that season and has had 18 clubs as its force since 1994. Two clubs from the 2. Bundesliga are directly promoted to the Bundesliga, while a one-third advertise club is determined through play-offs, from 1974 to 1991 and again since 2008. between 1991 and 2008 the third-placed club in the league was directly promoted. The bottom clubs in the league are relegated to the third division ; from 1974 to 1994 the Oberliga, from 1994 to 2008 the Regionalliga and since 2008 the 3. Liga. The count of relegate clubhouse has fluctuated over the years. Since 2008 two clubs are directly relegated while the third-last team has the opportunity to defend its league place in play-offs against the third placed team of the 3. Liga. 1. FC Nürnberg, SC Freiburg, 1. FC Köln, Arminia Bielefeld and VfL Bochum hold the record number of championships in the league with four each. Bielefeld besides holds the record for number of promotions from the 2. Bundesliga to the Bundesliga, with eight. For the 2018–19 season, an average of 19,128 spectators watched 2. Bundesliga matches, making the 2. Bundesliga the universe ‘s second base most-watched secondary coil football league, after the EFL Championship in England .
history [edit ]
background [edit ]
With the implementation of the Bundesliga in 1963, [ 2 ] five Regionalligen were besides founded as the 2nd highest playing degree, South, Southwest, West, North and Berlin. The two top ranking teams from each Regionalliga at the end of a season were placed into groups to play against the delegating teams from the Bundesliga. With the conversion from the former Oberliga to the newly created Bundesliga and Regionalliga, however, it became gain that the foundation of the Bundesliga was both sportingly and economically debatable and that delegating from the Bundesliga could easily ruin a club economically. This situation was partially responsible for the Bundesliga scandal in 1971, in which, due to manipulations in distributor point games in the delegating battle, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen and Arminia Bielefeld managed to remain in the Bundesliga. As a consequence of the scandal, the DFB-Bundestag in Frankfurt decided on 30 June 1973 to introduce a 2. Bundesliga, divided into a north and a south season, for the 1974/75 season, which should close the gap between master and amateur areas. According to an elaborate point system, [ 3 ] the clubs should be able to qualify for the fresh divisions. not lone the placements of the previous five seasons were critical, but besides economic and structural requirements. There was besides a five-year evaluation, with the inaugural two years being one, the future two years double and the final year triple. In the event of a tie, the final year should apply. With this regulation, however, the DFB had overlooked that the ten regional leagues participating in the annual promotion round of golf to the Bundesliga had not qualified for the new 2. Bundesliga from the beginning due to their placement in the 1973/74 season. In the case of 1. FC Saarbrücken, this entail that the club was accepted into the 2 Bundesliga South after failing in the promotion round of golf and took the place of SV Alsenborn, which besides came from the Regionalliga Südwest. SV Alsenborn, a “ village cabaret ” sponsored by Fritz Walter, had failed three times in the Bundesliga forwarding round in 1968, 1969 and 1970 and had clearly qualified for the newfangled division. The DFB found that there were no conditions suitable for the second division in Alsenborn and that they could not be achieved in the foreseeable future and downgraded SV Alsenborn to the then third-class amateur league Southwest, although the club had a successful participation in one of the three rounds of promotion to the Bundesliga Special license would have been allowed to play even in the circus tent division ( of run not in Alsenborn, but in Kaiserslautern or Ludwigshafen ) .
formation [edit ]
The decision to establish the 2. Bundesliga as a fully professional league below the Bundesliga was made at the annual convention of the German Football Association, the DFB, in Frankfurt on 30 June 1973. The league replaced the five Regionalligas that were at this flat from 1963 to 1974. Each Regionalliga had a set quota of clubs that could qualify for the new league with the Regionalliga Süd receiving thirteen spots, the Regionalliga West twelve, the Regionalliga Nord and Regionalliga Südwest seven and the Regionalliga Berlin one. The qualified teams were established through a rank that took the last five seasons of the Regionalliga into report. [ 4 ] The fresh 2. Bundesliga was split into a northerly and a southerly division with 20 clubs each. Each division had its supporter immediately promoted to the Bundesliga while the two runner-up would contest a two-leg play-off to determine the third promote team. The bottom four clubs in each league were relegated, however, as the number of clubs relegated from the Bundesliga to each division could vary, so could the number of clubs in the league and therefore the number of teams relegated. [ 5 ] [ 6 ]
2. Bundesliga North and South 1974 to 1981 [edit ]
The first-ever plot of the league was played on Friday, 2 August 1974 between 1. FC Saarbrücken and Darmstadt 98 and ended in a 1–0 win for Saarbrücken, with Nikolaus Semlitsch scoring the first-ever goal of the new league in the 18th minute of the game. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The inaugural champions of the league were Hannover 96 in the north and Karlsruher SC in the confederacy, both former Bundesliga golf club. The play-offs for the third base Bundesliga smudge were contested by FK Pirmasens and Bayer Uerdingen, with Uerdingen winning 6–0 at home plate after a four-all describe in the first base leg. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] The three promoted teams however proved uncompetitive in the Bundesliga with Hannover and Uerdingen being relegated directly away again while Karlsruhe lasted for only two seasons. [ 12 ] The second season saw league championships for Tennis Borussia Berlin and 1. FC Saarbrücken, with Tennis Borussia lasting for only one temper and 1. FCS for two. The contest for the one-third promotion spot pitted two far bigger names of german football against each other, with Borussia Dortmund edging out 1. FC Nürnberg with two wins, ending Dortmund ‘s four-year second division spell. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The last orotund of the season in the south besides saw an all-time finish score record per round when 55 goals were scored in ten games. The northerly class incidentally set the second best mark when it scored 51 goals the day before. [ 15 ] In 1976–77 the league champions were FC St. Pauli and VfB Stuttgart while the third promotion spot went to 1860 Munich, having had to play a third base game after Arminia Bielefeld and TSV 1860 each won their home games 4–0, with the decider ending 2–0 in prefer of the southern team. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] Ottmar Hitzfeld set an all-time 2. Bundesliga read in May 1977 when he scored 6 goals in a league match for VfB Stuttgart against Jahn Regensburg. [ 18 ] Bielefeld won promotion as the champions of the northern division in the follow season, as did southern ace SV Darmstadt 98, entering the Bundesliga for the first time in its history. third position went to 1. FC Nürnberg who overcame Rot-Weiss Essen with a 1–0 home win and a two–all draw away. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] For Nürnberg it ended a nine-year absence from the Bundesliga. [ 12 ] Horst Hrubesch set an all-time read that season for goals in one season, 41 scored for Rot-Weiss Essen. [ 21 ] In 1978–79 direct promotion went to 1860 Munich and Bayer Leverkusen while the play-off was won, once more, by Bayer Uerdingen, which defeated SpVgg Bayreuth 2–1 at home after a tie away. In the north, two clubs were relegated from the league for fiscal reasons, Westfalia Herne, which had finished fifth and erstwhile Bundesliga side FC St. Pauli, which had come one-sixth. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] The follow seasons saw 1. FC Nürnberg and Arminia Bielefeld clinch another forwarding from the 2. Bundesliga, as did Karlsuher SC which overcame Rot-Weiss Essen by winning 5–1 at home after losing 3–1 away. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] Arminia Bielefeld set an all-time 2. Bundesliga record when it defeated Arminia Hannover 11–0 in May 1980, the biggest-ever winnings in the league. [ 26 ] The 1980–81 season, the seventh of the league, was besides its last in this format. From 1981 it played as a one division of 20 teams after a decisiveness taken on 7 June 1980, when, at a limited convention of the DFB, the introduction of the individual class 2. Bundesliga was decided upon with a majority of 84 votes to 77. [ 27 ] The northern division was unusually strong that season, having received all three relegated teams of the 1979–80 Bundesliga season, SV Werder Bremen, Eintracht Braunschweig and Hertha BSC, and playing with 22 teams. Bremen won the league while Braunschweig came second. Hertha missed out despite scoring 123 goals. In the south, the league was won by SV Darmstadt 98 for a second gear time while runner-up Kickers Offenbach lost out to Braunschweig in the play-offs. The reduction of the league to a single part meant 22 teams were relegated while no team was promoted to the 2. Bundesliga that season. [ 28 ] [ 29 ]
Single division earned run average 1981 to 1991 [edit ]
The new single division league of 20 teams saw entirely a small change in modus. The lead two in the league were promoted while the third base place team played the sixteenth placed Bundesliga side in a home-and-away play-off for one more spot in the Bundesliga. The penetrate four in the league were relegated. The inauguration season saw FC Schalke 04 compete in the 2. Bundesliga for the first time, and win it. second place went to Hertha BSC while third base placed Kickers Offenbach missed out on promotion after losing both play-off games to Bayer Leverkusen. Fourth place went to 1860 Munich, one point behind Offenbach, but the clubhouse found itself relegated after the DFB refused it a license for the follow season. This decision kept 17th placed SG Wattenscheid 09, the best-placed team on a relegation membership, in the league. [ 30 ] The follow season last saw Kickers Offenbach win promotion from the 2. Bundesliga, behind champions SV Waldhof Mannheim who had never played in the Bundesliga before. Bayer Uerdingen, in third place, won promotion through the play-offs for a third time, this time overcoming the previous seasons 2. Bundesliga champions FC Schalke 04. [ 12 ] [ 31 ] Schalke bounced back immediately, coming irregular behind Karlsruher SC in 1983–84. one-third place went to MSV Duisburg wo were decisively beaten 0–5 by Bundesliga side Eintracht Frankfurt at home. At the early end, Rot-Weiss Essen, after having failed to win promotion to the Bundesliga through the play-offs doubly from the 2. Bundesliga, was relegated to amateur football that season. [ 32 ] 1. FC Nürnberg took out the backing of the single division 2. Bundesliga for the beginning time in 1985, with Hannover 96 coming second. Third placed 1. FC Saarbrücken besides won promotion courtesy to a 2–0 home win over Arminia Bielefeld after a draw away. Kickers Offenbach, newly relegated from the Bundesliga came only 19th in the 2. Bundesliga, suffered another delegating, as did another erstwhile Bundesliga side, FC St. Pauli, having returned to the league for the first clock after having had its license revoked in 1979. [ 33 ] In 1985–86, three clubs from Berlin competed in the league, but none the follow season, with Blau-Weiß 90 Berlin achieving its one and only promotion to the Bundesliga while Hertha BSC and Tennis Borussia were relegated to amateur football. The league champions were FC 08 Homburg, besides promoted to the Bundesliga for the beginning time. arguably one of the most celebrated play-off contests in 2. Bundesliga history however were the games between third gear placed Fortuna Köln and Borussia Dortmund. Köln won 2–0 at home, followed by a 3–1 for Dortmund, making a third plot necessary as the off goal rule did not apply to the Bundesliga versus 2. Bundesliga play-offs at the time. This one-third game was won 8–0 by Borussia Dortmund in front of 50,000 in neutral Düsseldorf. In the delegating zone MSV Duisburg followed the two Berlin clubs into amateurish football as a one-third former Bundesliga side that season. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] Hannover 96 and Karlsruher SC won promotion once more in 1987 while third placed FC St. Pauli, newly promoted from amateur football again, missed out by a finish in the play-offs against FC Homburg. At the bottom end Eintracht Braunschweig became another former Bundesliga english and supporter to drop into the third base class. [ 36 ] FC St. Pauli ended a ten-year wait for Bundesliga return in 1988 when it finished runner-up to Stuttgarter Kickers who were promoted to the Bundesliga for the first time. Third placed SV Darmstadt 98 missed out on penalties in the deciding third game against SV Waldhof Mannheim after each side had won their home plate game by a finish. Arminia Bielefeld came a aloof last and was relegated while 17th placed SpVgg Bayreuth was rescued when Rot-Weiß Oberhausen was refused a license. [ 37 ] Fortuna Düsseldorf won the league championship in 1988–89, with two clubs from the Saarland coming second and third, FC Homburg and 1. FC Saarbrücken. Saarbrücken however was unable to overcome Eintracht Frankfurt in the by and by club ‘s second successful play-off defense of its Bundesliga place. SpVgg Bayreuth finished 17th again but was again spared from relegation when Kickers Offenbach was refused a license. besides relegated were Union Solingen after 14 consecutive seasons in the league. [ 38 ] At the end of the season Spanish-born Joaquín Montañés retired from 2. Bundesliga football after 479 games for Alemannia Aachen in the league from 1974 to 1989, a commemorate for any player with a single club in the league. [ 39 ] In 1990 Hertha BSC completed its refund from amateur football to the Bundesliga with a 2. Bundesliga title, followed up by SG Wattenscheid 09, who entered the Bundesliga for the first time. 1. FC Saarbrücken failed in the play-offs for a moment straight time when it missed out to VfL Bochum, thereby ensuring a Bochum bowler hat in the Bundesliga between VfL and Wattenscheid for the follow season. In the relegation zone SpVgg Bayreuth failed to get reprieved for a one-third consecutive season and dropped into amateur football, as did Alemannia Aachen, a establish member of the 2. Bundesliga who had played all 16 seasons of the league until then. [ 40 ] The tenth temper of the single part 2. Bundesliga was to be the last in its stream format for a time as the german reunion in 1991 lead to changes to the league after this season. With FC Schalke 04 and MSV Duisburg two long-run Bundesliga teams finished at the top of the league. In one-third put Stuttgarter Kickers had to play FC St. Pauli three times to earn promotion, the first two contests having ended 1–1 while Stuttgart won the third 3–1. FC Schweinfurt 05 in last identify became one of the worst clubs in the league history when it alone won two games all season. Rot-Weiss Essen had its license revoked which allowed SV Darmstadt 98 to avoid relegation. [ 41 ]
german reunion 1991–92 [edit ]
In the 1991–92 season, the league was expanded to 24 teams in two regional divisions, north and south, to accommodate six modern east german clubs which joined the league that season. The east german clubs were spread very unevenly, with one going to the north and five to the confederacy, caused by the geographic location of those clubs. only the league champions were promoted to the Bundesliga that class, which were Bayer Uerdingen in the north and 1. FC Saarbrücken in the south. The bottom three in each part were relegated, three of which were from former East Germany. The other two were former Bundesliga clubs, Blau-Weiß 90 Berlin and 1860 Munich, with the late having played its first season back in the 2. Bundesliga after their license was revoked in 1982. At the end of this season the league returned to the single part format, but with still 24 clubs as its strength. [ 42 ] [ 43 ]
Single division earned run average 1992 to present [edit ]
The 1992–93 temper was a momentous one, with 24 teams competing in a single league and each club playing 46 games. Three clubs were promoted directly, as would be the case from then on until 2008, with the play-offs having been abolished. SC Freiburg won the league and promotion for the beginning time. Behind it, MSV Duisburg made a come back to the Bundesliga while third placed VfB Leipzig became the first erstwhile east german club to earn promotion from the 2. Bundesliga. Seven clubs were relegated from the league to reduce its forte to 20 clubs again from the following season. Of those Eintracht Braunschweig, Fortuna Düsseldorf and SV Darmstadt 98 were former Bundesliga sides. [ 44 ] The following season saw changes again as it was the final with 20 clubs. Promoted were VfL Bochum, Bayer Uerdingen and 1860 Munich, which had just won promotion from the third division the year before and returned to the Bundesliga for the first time since 1981. At the bottom end, five clubs were relegated, four of those former Bundesliga sides and the one-fifth one, Carl Zeiss Jena, from former East Germany. [ 45 ] The league horizontal surface below the 2. Bundesliga was changed profoundly in 1994 with the Oberligas replaced by the raw Regionalligas, which allowed for direct promotion to the 2. Bundesliga for the first time since 1980. The league itself was now reduced to 18 clubs with no play-offs, three promoted and four relegate teams, a system it would maintain until 2008, when the play-offs were reintroduce. Hansa Rostock won the 2. Bundesliga for the first time in 1995 and FC St. Pauli and Fortuna Düsseldorf followed it up to the Bundesliga. In the relegation zone FSV Frankfurt came a aloof last with alone three wins to its name while the two Saarland sides FC Homburg and 1. FC Saarbrücken accompanied it. The late, despite finishing one-seventh, had its license revoked, thereby sparing FSV Zwickau from relegation. [ 46 ] The 1995–96 season saw VfL Bochum win the league again with moment placed Arminia Bielefeld winning promotion uncoiled after having been promoted from the Regionalliga the class earlier. third base topographic point went to MSV Duisburg while Hannover 96, 1. FC Nürnberg and SG Wattenscheid 09 were all former Bundesliga clubs immediately suffering relegation to the third gear part. [ 47 ] The 1. FC Kaiserslautern and Eintracht Frankfurt had suffered their first-ever relegation from the Bundesliga in 1996. The former won the league and bounced back immediately while Frankfurt remained at this flat for another season. Kaiseslautern was accompanied up by VfL Wolfsburg, who won promotion for the first time, and Hertha BSC. Kaiserslautern would besides become the first and only cabaret to win the Bundesliga as a impertinently promoted side the follow class. [ 48 ] The 1. FC Kaiserslautern and SV Meppen besides set a record for number of goals in a game, 13, when Kaiserslautern defeated Meppen 7–6. [ 49 ] Eintracht Frankfurt won the league in 1998 with SC Freiburg coming second while 1. FC Nürnberg, newly returned from the Regionalliga, came third base. At the bottom end VfB Leipzig was one of three clubs from the east to be relegated, aboard SV Meppen, which dropped out of the league after football team consecutive seasons there. [ 50 ] The 1998–99 season saw the 1. FC Köln in the league for the beginning time, having been relegated from the Bundesliga after 35 consecutive seasons there from the starting signal of the league in 1963. Köln only managed to come one-tenth, while the league was won by Arminia Bielefeld. Behind Arminia Bielefeld, SpVgg Unterhaching and SSV Ulm 1846 entered the Bundesliga for the identical first time. last place in the league went to Fortuna Düsseldorf, which was accompanied to the Regionalliga by SG Wattenscheid 09, KFC Uerdingen 05, once Bayer Uerdingen, and FC Gütersloh. [ 51 ] The first season of the new millennium saw the end of an era, with Fortuna Köln being relegated after 26 consecutive seasons in the league since the get down in 1974. local equal 1. FC Köln won the league while VfL Bochum came second and FC Energie Cottbus, in third base position, moved up to the Bundesliga for the first time. Fortuna Köln was accompanied to the Regionalliga by Karlsruher SC, Kickers Offenbach and Tennis Borussia Berlin, who had their license revoked. [ 52 ] In 2000–01, the league was won by 1. FC Nürnberg once again, with Borussia Mönchengladbach earning promotion back to the Bundesliga after a biennial absence. FC St. Pauli was the third gear promote team. SSV Ulm 1846, impertinently relegated from the Bundesliga, finished the season in 16th place and became bankrupt. [ 53 ] Hannover 96, Arminia Bielefeld and VfL Bochum were the advertise teams in 2002, [ 54 ] while the following season saw 1. FC Köln and Eintracht Frankfurt competing and succeeding for promotion again, behind league champions SC Freiburg. [ 55 ] In 2004, 1. FC Nürnberg and Arminia Bielefeld earned another one of their many promotions while third placed 1. FSV Mainz 05 was a newcomer to the Bundesliga. [ 56 ] Like in 2003, 2005 saw 1. FC Köln and Eintracht Frankfurt win promotion while between them, in second place, MSV Duisburg moved up, besides. At the bottom end three of the four relegated clubs shared similar names, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, Rot-Weiss Essen and Rot-Weiß Erfurt with the fourth team relegated being Eintracht Trier. [ 57 ]
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VfL Bochum won the league again in 2006 while FC Energie Cottbus returned to the Bundesliga for a second gear three-year scrimp. In second position Alemannia Aachen returned to the Bundesliga for the first time since 1970. Relegated that class were Dynamo Dresden, erstwhile East german office house, after a biennial stint in the league. [ 58 ] 2006 besides saw the retirement of Willi Landgraf from 2. Bundesliga football. Landgraf had played a record 508 2. Bundesliga games from 1986 to 2006, playing in the league for Rot-Weiss Essen, FC 08 Homburg, FC Gütersloh and Alemannia Aachen. [ 39 ] [ 59 ] Karlsruher SC ended an absence from the Bundesliga that had lasted since 1998 when it won the league in 2007 and was followed up by Hansa Rostock and MSV Duisburg. [ 60 ] Freshly relegated Borussia Mönchengladbach won the league the follow year, with fresh Bundesliga club TSG 1899 Hoffenheim second base and 1. FC Köln third. [ 61 ] The 2008–09 season saw the return of play-offs. The third rate team in the 2. Bundesliga now played the 16th placed team in the Bundesliga for a position in that league. At the other end of the table, the 16th placed 2. Bundesliga side would now besides play the third put team in the modern 3. Liga, which had replaced the Regionalliga as the third base division. SC Freiburg and 1. FSV Mainz 05 were immediately promoted that season while 1. FC Nürnberg had to enter the play-offs in which it defeated FC Energie Cottbus 5–0 on aggregate. At the delegating conclusion, VfL Osnabrück lost its 2. Bundesliga place to SC Paderborn from the 3. Liga. [ 62 ] 1. FC Kaiserslautern ended a four-year spell in the 2. Bundesliga in 2010 with a league backing, with FC St. Pauli coming second. The FC Augsburg finished one-third but was unable to overcome 1. FC Nürnberg in the play-offs and lost 3–0 on aggregate. Hansa Rostock, in 16th place, dropped out of the 2. Bundesliga when it lost both play-off games to Ingolstadt 04. [ 63 ] Hertha BSC and FC Augsburg were directly promoted to the Bundesliga in 2010, the by and by for the foremost meter, while VfL Bochum in third place missed out on promotion against Borussia Mönchengladbach. VfL Osnabrück found itself unsuccessfully defending its league place again, losing to Dynamo Dresden in extra time in the second leg. [ 64 ] After 15 consecutive seasons in the 2. Bundesliga a numerous attempts at promotion Greuther Fürth finally won the league in 2012. Eintracht Frankfurt came second and Fortuna Düsseldorf returned to the Bundesliga for the inaugural time since 1997 when it defeated Hertha BSC in the play-offs. Karlsruher SC failed to remain in the 2. Bundesliga when it was relegated on away goal rule after two draw games against Jahn Regensburg. [ 65 ] Hertha BSC won the 2. Bundesliga for the second clock in three seasons in 2012–13 and was accompanied up by Eintracht Braunschweig, who had not played in the Bundesliga since 1985. Third placed 1. FC Kaiserslautern lost both games to 1899 Hoffenheim and thereby failed to get promoted. Dynamo Dresden became the first 2. Bundesliga side in five attempts to hold onto their league place while 3. Liga side VfL Osnabrück missed out in the play-offs for a third time in three attempts. [ 66 ] The 2013–14 season ended with 1. FC Köln winning the league, followed up by SC Paderborn who won forwarding to the Bundesliga for the inaugural time. Relegated where Energie Cottbus and Dynamo Dresden, both former Bundesliga sides. Third placed SpVgg Greuther Fürth failed to gain promotion after two draws with Bundesliga baseball club Hamburger SV. At the penetrate end two eastern clubs were relegated, Dynamo Dresden and Energie Cottbus, while Arminia Bielefeld entered the delegating round. The 2014–15 season saw Ingolstadt 04 win the league and earn Bundesliga promotion for the first prison term while SV Darmstadt 98 finished second and returned to the Bundesliga for the beginning time since 1982. Third placed Karlsruher SC faced Hamburg for another Bundesliga blemish while TSV 1860 Munich had to play Holstein Kiel to retain their place in the 2. Bundesliga. Both the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga clubs retained their league membership. The two clubs directly relegated from the league where Erzgebirge Aue and VfR Aalen. [ 67 ] In the 2015–16 the league was won by SC Freiburg, with RB Leipzig finishing runner-up and earning its first-ever Bundesliga promotion, while 1. FC Nürnberg had to enter the forwarding play-off where it lost on aggregate to Eintracht Frankfurt. At the bottom end of the board SC Paderborn suffered back-to-back relegations, becoming the sixth club to drop from the Bundesliga to the third base tier in back-to-back seasons. FSV Frankfurt was the moment team directly relegated while MSV Duisburg entered the relegation play-off where it was abortive. [ 68 ] All the clubs promoted to the 2. Bundesliga had played there before but while Dynamo Dresden and Erzgebirge Aue had only experienced a short absence the third base baseball club, Würzburger Kickers, had not played at this level for about 40 years. [ 69 ]
Logo used from 2010 to 2011 to 2016–17 seasons In December 2016, it was announced that for the first time, the 2. Bundesliga would be given its own logo, taking effect at the startle of the 2017–18 season. previously, the 2. Bundesliga had borrowed the Bundesliga logo for promotional and media purposes. The 2. Bundesliga gained its own logo to “ strengthen the visibility of the competition ” and to better identify the league with fans, the media, and sponsors. [ 70 ] After their relegation, the 2018–19 season was Hamburger SV ‘s first season outside of the german top flight in their 55-year history. [ 71 ]
all-time table [edit ]
The most consistent team in the league, as of 2020–21, is SpVgg Greuther Fürth, having won 1,667 points from 1,126 games. In second base station sits FC St. Pauli, best placed of the current 2. Bundesliga clubs. Alemannia Aachen comes third in the all-time table, while death position, count 127, goes to Spandauer SV with just ten points to its identify. [ 72 ]
Members of the 2. Bundesliga ( 2021–22 season ) [edit ]
For details on the 2. Bundesliga 2021–22 season, see here.
Division set-up [edit ]
Changes in division set-up [edit ]
- Number of clubs
- Current (since 1994–95): 18 teams
- From 1974 to 1975 to 1980–81: two divisions (Nord and Süd)
- From 1974 to 1975 to 1978–79: 20 teams each
- 1979–80: 20 teams (Nord), 21 teams (Süd)
- 1980–81: 22 teams (Nord), 20 teams (Süd)
- From 1981 to 1982 to 1990–91: 20 teams
- 1991–92: two divisions (Nord and Süd) of 12 teams each, divisions split into promotion/relegation groups of 6 teams each after 22 rounds
- 1992–93: 24 teams
- 1993–94: 20 teams
- Teams promoted to the Bundesliga: 3; 1981–1991 there was a promotion/relegation round, in 1991–92 there was 1 promotion per group.
- Number of relegations into the Regionalliga (until 1994: Oberliga): 4; 1991–92: 2–3 per group (inclusive relegation); 1992–93: 7.
promotion and relegation [edit ]
- From the 1992–93 season to the 2008–09 season, the top three teams gained promotion into the Bundesliga; after this, and to the present, only the top two teams are promoted automatically, and the third placed team plays a two-leg playoff against the team that finishes 16th in the Bundesliga.
- Until the 2007–08 season, the bottom four teams were relegated into the Regional leagues. Since the 2008–09, following the inception of the 3. Liga, only the bottom two teams are relegated into the 3. Liga automatically; the third from bottom team can avoid relegation by winning a two-leg playoff against the team that finishes in third place in the 3. Liga.
league rules [edit ]
Since the 2006–07 temper there is no longer a limit on non-EU players in the league. alternatively clubs are required to have 8 players on the police squad who have come up through the youth arrangement of a german cabaret, 4 of which have to come from the clubhouse ‘s own young system. [ 73 ] Seven substitutes are permitted to be selected, from which three can be used in the duration of the plot .
League champions [edit ]
second base Bundesliga [edit ]
second gear Bundesliga [edit ]
- Bold denotes team earned promotion.
Promoted and relegated teams [edit ]
The list of teams that earned promotion to and from the 2. Bundesliga or were relegated from the league :
Records [edit ]
player records [edit ]
Appearances [edit ]
- As of end of 2020–21 season.[95]
clear scorers [edit ]
- As of 21 November 2021[96]
Boldface indicates a musician inactive active in the 2. Bundesliga .
match records [edit ]
Spectators [edit ]
The spectator figures since 1992, when the league returned to the single division format :
top scorers [edit ]
The most late crown finish scorers in the league : [ 131 ]
moment division in the european Cup [edit ]
thus far, clubs of the 2. Bundesliga have participated in the european Cup six times :
References [edit ]
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