West Ham United F.C.

Association football club in England
This article is about the men ‘s football club. For the women ‘s team, see West Ham United F.C. Women
Football club

Reading: West Ham United F.C.

West Ham United Football Club is an english professional football club based in Stratford, East London that compete in the Premier League, the circus tent tier of English football. The club plays at the London Stadium, having moved from their early home, the Boleyn Ground, in 2016. The cabaret was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks and reformed in 1900 as West Ham United. They moved to the Boleyn Ground in 1904, which remained their home footing for more than a hundred. The team initially competed in the Southern League and Western League before joining the Football League in 1919. They were promoted to the top flight in 1923, when they were besides losing finalists in the first FA Cup Final held at Wembley. In 1940, the club won the inaugural Football League War Cup. West Ham have been winners of the FA Cup three times ; in 1964, 1975 and 1980, and have besides been runner-up twice ; in 1923 and 2006. The club have reached two major european finals, winning the european Cup Winners ‘ Cup in 1965 and finishing runner-up in the lapp rival in 1976. West Ham besides won the Intertoto Cup in 1999. They are one of eight clubs never to have fallen below the second tier of English football, spending 63 of 95 league seasons in the top flight, up to and including the 2020–21 season. The club ‘s highest league put to date came in 1985–86, when they achieved third station in the then First Division. Three West Ham players were members of the 1966 World Cup final-winning England team : captain Bobby Moore and goalscorers Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. The clubhouse has a long-standing competition with Millwall, and the fastness between the two teams has gained notoriety for frequent incidents of football vandalism. West Ham adopted their claret and flip blue color system in the early 1900s, with the most common iteration of a claret shirt and sky blue sleeves beginning emerging in 1904. [ 3 ]

history

Origins

Earliest baseball club changeable, during its establish year as Thames Ironworks in 1895 The earliest generally accepted embodiment of West Ham United was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks F.C., the works team of the largest and last survive shipwright on the Thames, Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, by foreman and local anesthetic league referee Dave Taylor and owner Arnold Hills [ 4 ] and was announced in the Thames Ironworks Gazette of June 1895. Thames Ironworks was based in Leamouth Wharf in Blackwall and Canning Town on both banks of the River Lea, where the Lea meets the Thames. Thames Ironworks built many ships and other structures, the most celebrated being HMS Warrior. The stopping point ship built there was the dreadnought HMS Thunderer in 1912 and the yard close soon after. The repair yard of the Castle Shipping Line was a very near neighbor and their work team, initially known as the Castle Swifts, would colloquially merge with the Thames Ironworks own team. The team played on a rigorously amateur basis for 1895 at least, with a team featuring a count of works employees. Thomas Freeman was a embark stoker and Walter Parks, a clerk. Johnny Stewart, Walter Tranter and James Lindsay were all boilermakers. other employees included William Chapman, George Sage and Fred Chamberlain, a well as apprentice riveting machine Charlie Dove, who was to have a capital influence on the cabaret ‘s future at a late date. [ 5 ]

[6] 1895–96 : first kit
Thames Ironworks won the West Ham Charity Cup, contested by clubs in the West Ham vicinity, in 1895, then won the London League in 1897. They turned master in 1898 upon entering the Southern League Second Division, and were promoted to the First Division at the foremost undertake. [ 7 ] The postdate year they came moment from penetrate, but had established themselves as a in full fledged competitive team. They comfortably fended off the challenge of local rivals Fulham in a delegating play-off, 5–1 in belated April 1900 and retained their first Division condition. [ 7 ] The team initially played in full colored blue kits, as inspired by Mr. Hills, who had been an Oxford University “ Blue, ” but changed the following season by adopting the flip blue shirts and white shorts combination worn from 1897 to 1899. Following growing disputes over the hunt and finance of the club, in June 1900 Thames Ironworks F.C. was disbanded, then about immediately relaunched as West Ham United F.C. — reflecting the West Ham, London district where they played — on 5 July 1900 with Syd King as their director and future director Charlie Paynter as his assistant. Because of the original “ works team ” roots and links ( even represented upon the club badge ), they are still known as “ the Irons ” or “ the Hammers ” amongst fans and the media. [ 8 ] [ 9 ]

parturition of West Ham United ( 1901–1961 )

West Ham United joined the Western League for the 1901 season [ 10 ] while besides continuing to play in the Southern Division 1. In 1907, West Ham were crowned the Western League Division 1B Champions, and then defeated 1A champions Fulham 1–0 to become the western League Overall Champions. [ 10 ] The born-again club continued to play their games at the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow ( funded by Arnold Hills ) but moved to a deliver in the Upton Park area in the guise of the Boleyn Ground stadium in 1904. West Ham ‘s first game in their new home was against ferocious rivals Millwall ( themselves an Ironworks team, albeit for a rival company ) drawing a crowd of 10,000 and with West Ham running away 3–0 winners, [ 11 ] and as the Daily Mirror wrote on 2 September 1904, “ Favoured by the weather turning fine after heavy rains of the dawn, West Ham United began their season most auspiciously yesterday evening ; when they beat Millwall by 3 goals to 0 on their new enclosure at Upton Park. ”
Billie the White Horse, saviour of the 1923 the White Horse, jesus of the 1923 FA Cup Final In 1919, still under King ‘s leadership, West Ham gained capture to the Football League Second Division, their first game being a 1–1 pull back with Lincoln City, and were promoted to Division One in 1923, besides making it to the first ever FA Cup Final to be held at the old Wembley stadium. Their opponents were Bolton Wanderers. This was besides known as the White Horse Final, sol named because an estimate 200,000 people came to see the match ; spilling out on to the pitch, which had to be cleared prior to kick-off, by “ Billie, ” a giant white horse ( actually grey ) being ridden by personal computer George Scorey. The Cup Final match itself ended 2–0 to Bolton. The team enjoyed mix success in Division 1 but retained their condition for ten years and reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1933. [ 12 ] In 1932, the baseball club was relegated to Division Two [ 13 ] and hanker terminus custodian Syd King was sacked after serving the club in the character of director for 32 years, and as a player from 1899 to 1903. Following delegating, King had mental health problems. He appeared toast at a board meeting and soon after committed suicide. [ 14 ] He was replaced with his assistant director Charlie Paynter, who himself had been with West Ham in a numeral of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a full of 480 games. The baseball club exhausted most of the following 30 years in this division, first gear under Paynter and then late under the leadership of early player Ted Fenton. Fenton succeeded in getting the club once again promoted to the top tied of English football in 1958. With the considerable remark of player Malcolm Allison, Fenton helped develop both the initial batch of future West Ham stars and West Ham ‘s approach to the game. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ]

glory years ( 1961–1978 )

Ron Greenwood was appointed as Fenton ‘s successor in 1961 and soon led the clubhouse to two major trophies, winning the 1964 FA Cup Final. The team was led by the young Bobby Moore. West Ham besides won the european Cup Winners ‘ Cup. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] During the 1966 FIFA World Cup, key members of the tournament winners England were West Ham players, including the captain, Bobby Moore ; Martin Peters ( who scored in the concluding ) ; and Geoff Hurst, who scored the first, and only, hat-trick in a men ‘s World Cup final. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] All three players had come through the youth team at West Ham. [ 22 ] Champions statue on Barking Road There is a “ Champions ” statue in Barking Road, opposite The Boleyn Tavern, commemorating West Ham ‘s “ three sons ” who helped win the 1966 World Cup : Bobby Moore, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. besides included on the statue is Everton ‘s Ray Wilson. [ 23 ]
They besides won the FA Cup in 1975 by defeating Fulham 2–0. The Fulham team had former England captains Alan Mullery and West Ham legend Bobby Moore. [ 24 ] After a difficult start to the 1974–75 temper, Greenwood moved himself “ upstairs ” to become general director and, without informing the board, appointed his adjunct John Lyall as team director. [ 25 ] The solution was instantaneous success – the team scored 20 goals in their first four games combined and won the FA Cup, becoming the last team to win the FA Cup with an all-English side when they beat Fulham 2–0 in the 1975 final. [ 26 ] Lyall then guided West Ham to another european Cup Winners ‘ Cup concluding in 1976, though the team lost the match 4–2 to belgian side Anderlecht. [ 27 ] Greenwood ‘s tenure as general coach lasted less than three years, as he was appointed to manage England in the wake of Don Revie ‘s resignation in 1977. [ 28 ]

Ups and downs ( 1978–2005 )

In 1978, West Ham were again relegated to Division Two, but Lyall was retained as director and led the team to an FA Cup Final gain against Arsenal in 1980, their last major honor. They reached the final by defeating Everton in the semi-final. [ 29 ] The Hammers won 1–0, with a finish scored from a header by Trevor Brooking in the 13th minute. [ 30 ] This is noteworthy as no team outside the top division has won the trophy since. West Ham were promoted to Division One in 1981, and finished in the top ten-spot of the beginning division for the adjacent three seasons before achieving their highest-ever league finish of third in 1985–86 ; a group of players which came to be known as The Boys of 86. however, they suffered relegation again in 1989, which resulted in Lyall ‘s sack. [ 31 ] He was awarded an ex gratia payment of £100,000 but left the clubhouse in what Lyall described as “ swage ” circumstances, meriting lone 73 words in a crisp recognition of his service in the club program. Lyall left West Ham after 34 years service. [ 32 ]
annual performance of West Ham since joining the Football League After Lyall, Lou Macari concisely led the team, though he resigned after less than a individual temper in order to clear his name of allegations of illegal betting while coach of Swindon Town. [ 33 ] He was replaced by erstwhile player Billy Bonds. [ 34 ] In Bonds ‘ first wide season, 1990–91, West Ham again secured promotion to Division One. now back in the top escape, Bonds saw West Ham through one of their most controversial seasons. With the club planning to introduce a bind schema, there was crowd unrest. West Ham finished last and were relegated back to Division Two after only one season. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ] however, they rebounded strongly in 1992–93. With Trevor Morley and Clive Allen scoring 40 goals, they guaranteed themselves second place on the last day of the season with a 2–0 home win against Cambridge United, and with it promotion to the Premier League. [ 39 ] [ 40 ]
With the team in the Premier League, there was a motivation to rebuild the team. Oxford United musician Joey Beauchamp was recruited for a tip of £1.2 million. curtly after arriving at the club, however, he became unhappy, citing homesickness from his native Oxford as the cause. Bonds in particular found this attitude arduous to understand compared to his own attached, indomitable approach ; providing for Bonds ‘ far attest of the disintegrate in the modern game and modern actor. [ 41 ] Fifty-eight days late, Beauchamp was signed by Swindon Town for a club-record combine fee of £800,000 which included defender Adrian Whitbread going in the opposite management. Whitbread was valued at £750,000 in the deal. [ 42 ] Assistant coach Harry Redknapp was besides immediately taking a bigger function in the transmit of players, with the club ‘s blessing. With rumor of his old golf club AFC Bournemouth being prepared to offer him a side, [ 43 ] the West Ham board and their cope director, Peter Storrie, made a controversial move. The board were anxious not to lose Redknapp ‘s services and offered Bonds a place away from the daily affairs of the club—on the West Ham board. This would have allowed them to appoint Redknapp as director. Bonds refused the mail offered and walked away from the club. [ 44 ] His accusations of fraudulence and handling by the board and by Redknapp have continued to cause ill-feeling. [ 44 ] Peter Storrie claimed that they had handled the situation correctly, saying, “ If Harry had gone to Bournemouth, there was a good opportunity Bill would have resigned anyhow, so we were in a no-win position. We ‘re sad that Bill is going, and it ‘s a big blow out but it ‘s time to move on and we have appointed a bang-up coach. ” [ 45 ] Redknapp became coach on 10 August 1994. [ 46 ] Redknapp ‘s time at West Ham was noteworthy for the upset of players during his tenure and for the floor of attractive football and success which had not been seen since the managership of John Lyall. Over 134 players passed through the club while he was coach, producing a web transfer tip deficit of £16 million, despite the £18 million sale of Rio Ferdinand to Leeds United. [ 47 ] Some were notably successful, such as the signings of Stuart Pearce, [ 48 ] Trevor Sinclair, [ 48 ] Paolo Di Canio, [ 48 ] John Hartson, [ 48 ] Eyal Berkovic [ 48 ] and Ian Wright. [ 49 ] meanwhile, some were expensive, external players who failed at West Ham, such as Florin Raducioiu ; [ 48 ] Davor Šuker, who earned arsenic much in wages as the gross gained from one entire stall and however made only eight appearances ; [ 47 ] Christian Bassila, who cost £720,000 and played only 86 minutes of football ; [ 47 ] Titi Camara ; Gary Charles, whose wages amounted to £4.4 million but made only three starts for the club ; [ 47 ] Rigobert Song ; Paulo Futre ; [ 48 ] and Marco Boogers, [ 48 ] a musician much quoted as one of the biggest failures in the Premier League. [ 50 ] His first season in blame saw West Ham fighting the terror of relegation until the concluding few weeks, [ 51 ] while his third base temper would besides see another relegation battle. Always bequeath to enter the transfer market, Redknapp bought in the winter transportation window John Hartson and Paul Kitson who added the impulse needed at the temper ‘s end. [ 52 ] In 1999, West Ham finished fifth, their highest situation in the top fledge since 1986. [ 48 ] They besides won the Intertoto Cup beating french golf club Metz to qualify for the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup. [ 48 ] [ 53 ] Things began to falter for Redknapp with the sale for £18 million to Leeds of Rio Ferdinand in November 2000. Redknapp used the transfer money ailing with purchases such as Ragnvald Soma, who cost £800,000 and played alone seven league games, Camara, and Song. Redknapp felt he needed more funds with which to deal in the transfer market. [ 54 ] Chairman Brown lost patience with Redknapp due to his demands for farther transfer funds. In June 2001, called to a meeting with Brown expecting to discuss contracts, he was fired. [ 54 ] His assistant Frank Lampard left besides, making the sale of his son Frank Lampard Jr., inevitable ; [ 54 ] in the summer of 2001, he joined Chelsea for £11 million. [ 55 ] With respective names, such as former player Alan Curbishley, now linked with the job, Chairman Brown recruited from within the clubhouse, [ 54 ] appointing reserve team coach Glenn Roeder as coach on 9 May 2001. [ 46 ] He had already failed in management with Gillingham, where he lost 22 of the 35 games he managed, and Watford. [ 56 ] His first boastful signings were the return of Don Hutchison for £5 million [ 57 ] and Czech centre back Tomáš Řepka. [ 58 ] Finishing seventh in his first season [ 59 ] Roeder, in his office at Upton Park, suffered a block blood vessel in his brain. [ 56 ] [ 60 ] As Roeder needed medical help and convalescence, early loyalist Trevor Brooking stood in as caretaker coach. [ 60 ] Despite not losing another game, the Hammers were relegated on the concluding day of the temper at Birmingham City with a record for a relegate golf club of 42 points from a 38-game season. Ten seasons of top-tier football were complete. [ 61 ] many top players including Joe Cole, Di Canio and Kanouté all left the club. The next season, now in the second tier, Roeder resumed his stretch as director. Results were inactive poor, however, and after an away defeat to Rotherham United, he was sacked on 24 August 2003. [ 56 ] Brooking again took over as caretaker. [ 62 ] He lost lone one game, a 2–0 aside frustration to Gillingham [ 63 ] and is known as “ the best director West Ham never had. ” [ 64 ] Former Crystal Palace actor and coach of Reading Alan Pardew was lined up to be the adjacent terrace boss. Reading and their chair, John Madejski, however, were reluctant to let him leave. [ 65 ] After serving a period of poster and garden leave, and with West Ham paying Reading £380,000 in compensation, he was appointed director on 18 October 2003, their one-tenth director. [ 66 ] Pardew set out to rebuild the side bring in Nigel Reo-Coker, [ 67 ] Marlon Harewood [ 68 ] and Brian Deane. [ 69 ] In his first season in charge, they made the playoff final merely to lose to Crystal Palace. [ 70 ] His signings of Bobby Zamora, Matthew Etherington and veterans Chris Powell and Teddy Sheringham saw West Ham finishing sixth and subsequently perplex Preston North End 1–0 thanks to a Zamora goal in the 2005 playoff final, securing a return to the Premier League. [ 71 ] After ensuring promotion, Pardew said, “ It ‘s a team effort. We defended well and we ‘re back where we belong. ” [ 72 ]

final examination years at the Boleyn ( 2005–2016 )

On their retort to the top division, West Ham finished in one-ninth place, [ 73 ] The highlight of the 2005–06 season, however, was reaching the FA Cup concluding and taking favourites Liverpool to a penalty gunfight after a 3–3 absorb. West Ham lost the gunfight, but however gained introduction to the following season ‘s UEFA Cup as Liverpool had already qualified for the Champions League. In August 2006, West Ham completed a major coup d’etat on the last day of the transmit windowpane after completing the signings of Carlos Tevez and Javier Mascherano. [ 74 ] The club was finally bought by an Icelandic consortium, led by Eggert Magnússon, in November 2006. [ 75 ] Manager Alan Pardew was sacked after poor human body during the season [ 76 ] and was replaced by erstwhile Charlton Athletic coach Alan Curbishley. [ 77 ] The signings of Mascherano and Tevez were investigated by the Premier League, who were concerned that details of the transfers had been omitted from official records. The club was found guilty and fined £5.5 million in April 2007. [ 78 ] however, West Ham avoided a points tax write-off which ultimately became critical in their avoidance of delegating at the end of the 2006–07 season. Following on from this event, Wigan Athletic president Dave Whelan, supported by other sides facing possible relegation, including Fulham and Sheffield United, threatened legal action. [ 79 ] West Ham escaped relegation by winning seven of their last nine games, including a 1–0 winnings over Arsenal, and on the survive day of the season defeated newly crowned League Champions Manchester United 1–0 with a goal by Tevez to finish 15th. [ 80 ] In the 2007–08 season, West Ham remained sanely systematically in the lead half of the league table, with Freddie Ljungberg in the team, despite a murder of injuries ; fresh signing Craig Bellamy missed most of the campaign, while Kieron Dyer was out from August 2007. [ 81 ] [ 82 ] The last game of the temper, at the Boleyn Ground, saw West Ham draw 2–2 against Aston Villa, ensuring a tenth-place finish three points ahead of rivals Tottenham Hotspur. It was a five-place improvement on the previous season, and most importantly West Ham were never under any realistic threat of relegation. After a course with the board over the sale of defenders Anton Ferdinand and George McCartney to Sunderland, director Alan Curbishley resigned on 3 September 2008. [ 83 ] His successor was former Chelsea striker Gianfranco Zola, who took over on 11 September 2008 to become the club ‘s foremost non-British director. [ 84 ] In the 2008–09 season, West Ham finished ninth, a single stead improvement .
In the 2009–10 season, West Ham started strongly with a 2–0 acquire over newly promoted Wolverhampton Wanderers with goals from Mark Noble and newly appointed captain Matthew Upson. [ 85 ] A League Cup match against honest-to-god rivals Millwall brought about violent riots outside the grind equally well as pitch invasions and herd trouble oneself inside Upton Park. [ 86 ] In August 2009, the fiscal concerns of Icelandic owners parent companies left the stream owners unable to provide any funds until a newly owner was found. The club ‘s shirt sponsor SBOBET provided the cabaret with help oneself to purchase a much needed hitter, the italian Alessandro Diamanti. [ 87 ] West Ham had a poor season which involved a drawn-out battle against relegation. [ 88 ] They ultimately secured their survival with two games remaining by defeating Wigan 3–2. [ 89 ] The club managed to take 35 points from 38 games, seven fewer than the full they had when relegated seven years anterior. [ 88 ] On 11 May 2010, two days after the end of the 2009–10 season, West Ham announced the result of Zola ‘s abridge with contiguous effect. [ 90 ] On 3 June 2010, Avram Grant signed a four-year deal to become the following coach of West Ham subject to a employment permit. [ 91 ] West Ham ‘s form continued to be poor people with the team rarely outside the delegating zone, [ 92 ] placing Grant ‘s future as director under serious doubt. [ 93 ] A 4–0 Football League Cup quarter-final win over Manchester United was an otherwise bright spotlight in a disappointing season. [ 94 ] West Ham ‘s class in the Premier League did not affect their class in the two domestic cups. The Hammers reached the semi-final of the League Cup before being eliminated by eventual winners Birmingham City angstrom well as the quarter final examination of the FA cup before a 2–1 get the better of at Stoke City. [ 95 ] [ 96 ] On 15 May 2011, West Ham ‘s delegating to the Championship was confirmed after a comeback from Wigan at the DW Stadium. With West Ham leading 0–2 at half-time through two Demba Ba goals, Wigan battled back to win 3–2 thanks to an added-time strike from Charles N’Zogbia. Following the loss, West Ham announced the sacking of coach Avram Grant just one season into his tenure. [ 97 ] On 1 June 2011, Sam Allardyce was appointed adenine coach as Grant ‘s substitute. [ 98 ] The club finished third in the 2011–12 Football League Championship with 86 points and took part in the play-offs. They beat cardiff City in the play-off semi-final 5–0 on aggregate to reach the concluding against Blackpool at Wembley on 19 May 2012. Carlton Cole opened the score, and although Blackpool equalised early in the moment half, Ricardo Vaz Tê scored the achiever for West Ham in the 87th infinitesimal. [ 99 ] West Ham, on their recurrence to the Premier League, signed erstwhile players James Colllins and George McCartney on permanent deals, ampere well as record sign language Matt Jarvis and Andy Carroll on loan. [ 100 ] [ 101 ] [ 102 ] [ 103 ] They won their first game of the season, on 18 August 2012, 1–0 against Aston Villa thanks to a Kevin Nolan goal. [ 104 ] The highlight of the first one-half of the temper was a 3–1 home win against reigning european champions Chelsea on 1 December 2012 which saw them in one-eighth military position [ 105 ] and 12th at the end of the class. [ 106 ] On 22 March 2013, West Ham secured a 99-year rent batch on the Olympic Stadium, with it planned to be used as their home establish from the 2016–17 season. [ 107 ] Tenth position was secured at the end of the season with nine home wins and entirely three away from home. entirely 11 away goals were scored, the lowest of the integral league. [ 108 ] In 2013–14, West Ham finished 13th in the Premier League. [ 109 ] They besides reached the semi-finals of the League Cup before losing 9–0 on aggregate to eventual cup-winners Manchester City. [ 110 ] A feature of the season were the criticisms of director Sam Allardyce by supporters relating to his perceive negative play tactics. [ 111 ] [ 112 ] [ 113 ] West Ham finished 12th in the 2014–15 Premier League, one place higher than the former season. Minutes after the concluding game of the season, on 24 May 2015, the club announced that Allardyce ‘s compress would not be renewed and that they were seeking a new director. [ 114 ] By winning the Premier League Fair Play table for 2014–15, West Ham qualified for the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League, entering at the beginning passing circle. [ 115 ] On 9 June 2015, former West Ham actor Slaven Bilić was appointed as director on a three-year narrow. [ 116 ] In Bilić ‘s fourthly game in charge, the team won at Anfield for the first time in 52 years, beating Liverpool 0–3, with goals from Manuel Lanzini, Mark Noble and Diafra Sakho. [ 117 ] At the conclusion of the season, West Ham finished 7th in the Premier League. The team broke several records for the clubhouse in the Premier League earned run average, including the highest number of points ( 62 ), the highest total of goals in a season ( 65 ), the fewest games lost in a season ( 8 ) and the lowest number of away defeats ( 5 ). [ 118 ] The temper besides marked the last season where the team played at the Boleyn Ground, with them moving to the London stadium from future season – ending their 112-year stay at the stadium .

be active to London Stadium and holocene years ( 2016– )

Following Manchester United ‘s succeed in the 2016 FA Cup Final, West Ham took their Europa League seat and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2016–17 edition. [ 119 ] At the end of the rugged first season at the London Stadium, the team finished 11th, along with having to deal with the passing of star topology homo Dimitri Payet. [ 120 ] however, the team suffered a inadequate start to the following temper, taking only two wins in their opening 11 games. Following a 4–1 get the better of to Liverpool at family and with the team threatened by delegating, Bilić was sacked on 6 November 2017. He was replaced by former Sunderland foreman David Moyes on a compress till the end of the season. The team battled inconsistent shape for the rest of the season but managed to avoid delegating and finish 13th. Moyes was not offered a new contract and left the club on the passing of it on 16 May 2018. [ 121 ] On 22 May 2018, the club appointed former Manchester City foreman Manuel Pellegrini as the new director on a three-year deal contract. [ 122 ] In his first season in charge, the Hammers finished 10th, once again suffering from inconsistent form. however, after a poor first half to the following season, Pellegrini was sacked in December 2019 with the team merely one point above the relegation zone. His end plot in commit was a 2–1 home loss to Leicester City. [ 123 ] He was replaced by David Moyes, who returned for a second spell in charge a day late. [ 124 ] On 22 July 2020, the club secured their Premier League status for another temper, following a 1–1 draw away to Manchester United. [ 125 ] Ahead of the 2020–21 season, West Ham ‘s ownership attracted criticism, including from club master Mark Noble who publicly criticized the sale of academy graduate Grady Diangana. [ 126 ] Despite losing the open two games of the temper, West Ham ‘s kind improved and by the end of November, the golf club sat in fifth place. [ 127 ] The clubhouse would not drop out of a european spot for the pillow of the season and went on to qualify for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League group stages after finishing in 6th – exceeding many expectations. [ 128 ] Moyes signed a newfangled 3-year sign on 12 June 2021. [ 129 ]

crest

Club crest ( 1987–1998 ) Club crest ( 1998–2016 )

Thames Ironworks FC

The Thames Ironworks Team ( 1895–1900 ) used the Union Flag as its badge .

Rivet Hammers

The principal element of the badge is the crossed pair of rivet hammers, tools that were used in the shipbuilding diligence. The Blackwall and Canning Town neighbourhoods surrounding the Thames Ironworks echoed to the voice of hammers ; steam hammers, sledge hammers and stud hammers. [ 130 ] seven large mechanical steam hammers would punch small holes near the edges of the cast-iron plates which would be joined to build the ships. The plates would be put in target and fixed together with rivets by teams of five, three inside the emerging vessel and two outside. Inside the ship one member of the team would heat the rivets till they were white hot and, using Iron Fingers ( blacksmith ‘s tongs ), throw them to a second base person known as a ‘catch-boy ‘ or ‘putter-in ‘ who would pick the concentrate up and place it the hole, besides using tongs. The third person was known as the ‘holder-on ‘ and he would then smash the rivet base with a sixteen-pound sledge hammer and then use his maul to hold the rivet in stead while the men on the early side flattened the other end of the rivet. Outside the ship, exposed to the elements, two men with rivet hammers – one dextrorotary, one morganatic – would hammer the start and still glowing stud flat, so securing one of the many points necessary to link each of the ship ‘s big plates. The traverse hammers were besides incorporated into the coat of arms of the County Borough of West Ham and those of its successor, the modern London Borough of Newham. [ 131 ] The Thames Ironworks lay partially within what is now the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, however the blacksmith tongs in that Borough ‘s coating of arms represent the local canonize, Dunstan, the patron enshrine of Stepney and metalworkers, [ 132 ] rather than the Ironworks .

tugboat

A yellow or flannel loom was added, intermittently, from the 1950s onwards. [ 133 ] The primary reason for this seems to be to represent Anne Boleyn’s Tower, the most celebrated feature of Green Street House, an primitively Tudor group of buildings which stood following to the Boleyn Ground until demolished in 1955. park Street House was besides known as Boleyn Castle through an association with Anne Boleyn. The manor was reputedly one of the sites at which Henry VIII courted his second queen, though there is no documentary evidence to support the tradition. [ 134 ] There are a act of other factors which may have influenced the inclusion body of the stylize castle feature, for case :

shield

A carapace has been used in many iterations of the club badge, and the shape of the 2016 interpretation matches the cross-section on the hull of HMS Warrior, the most celebrated transport built by the Thames Ironworks. [ 139 ] however examining draftsman ‘s diagrams [ 140 ] of the ship casts doubt on the resemblance between the carapace and the ship .

Iterations

The cap was redesigned and updated in the late 1990s, featuring a wide yellow palace with fewer cruciate “ windows ” along with the top out roof being removed ; the tops of the towers had previously made the castle appear more akin to Disneyland ‘s Sleeping Beauty ‘s Castle than a serve fortress. The graphic designer besides altered other details to give a more solid feel to the iconography. [ 141 ] When the club rebuilt the west base of the Boleyn Ground ( construction finished 2001–02 ) the “ castle ” from the redesigned badge was incorporated into the structure at the independent entrance to the background. A pair of towers were outstanding features of the ground ‘s appearance, both bearing large clubhouse badges. [ 142 ] A new badge was introduced following the end of the 2015–16 season, when the club moved into the Olympic Stadium. [ 143 ] It removes the Boleyn Castle due to the club moving away, leaving precisely the traverse hammers, which the club says is inspired by the crest before and during the career of Bobby Moore. The word “ London ” was introduced below to “ establish the club hard on the external stagecoach ”, and the more minimalist set about is to give a “ solid argument that is instantaneously West Ham United ”. The form of the crest is that of the hull of HMS Warrior, the first ironclad warship in the Royal Navy, which was built by Thames Ironworks. [ 144 ]

Colours

The original discolor of the team were colored bluing, due to Thames Ironworks president Arnold Hills being a erstwhile student of Oxford University ( see Oxford blue sky ). however, the team used a variety of kits including the claret and flip amobarbital sodium theater color of Thames Ironworks, a well as flip blue or white kit out. [ 145 ] [ 146 ] The Irons permanently adopted claret and blue for home colours in 1903. [ 147 ] One history suggests that Thames Ironworks right-half Charlie Dove received the Aston Villa kit from William Belton, who was a professional sprinter of national repute, ampere good as being involved with the coach at Thames Ironworks. Belton had been at a honest in Birmingham, cheeseparing to Villa Park, the family ground of Aston Villa and was challenged to a slipstream against four villa players, who wagered money that one of them would win. Belton defeated them and, when they were unable to pay the stake, one of the Villa players who was creditworthy for washing the team ‘s kit offered a complete team ‘s “ football kits ” to Belton in payment. The Aston Villa actor subsequently reported to his club that the kit was “ missing. ” This, however, is much disputed. [ 149 ] Thames Ironworks, and later West Ham United, retained the claret yoke/blue sleeves design, but besides continued to use their previously favoured colours for their off kits .

Supporters, vandalism and rivalries

Supporters

I ‘m constantly blowing bubbles ,
Pretty bubbles in the air.
They fly so high, nearly reach the sky,
Then like my dreams they fade and die.
Fortune’s always hiding,
I’ve looked everywhere …
I’m forever blowing bubbles,
pretty bubbles in the air.original lyrics to “Bubbles”, from John Helliar[150]

The team ‘s supporters are celebrated for their rendition of the refrain of their team ‘s anthem, “ I ‘m forever Blowing Bubbles “ introduced to the club by early director Charlie Paynter in the late 1920s. A Pears soap commercial featuring the curly haired child in the Millais ‘ “ Bubbles “ was well known at the clock time. The child resembled a player, Billy J. “ Bubbles ” Murray, from local schoolboy team, Park School, where the headmaster was Cornelius Beal. Beal was known locally for his music and verse and wrote limited words to the tune of “ I ‘m everlastingly Blowing Bubbles ” whenever any player was having a good game. [ 151 ] Beal was a ally of Paynter, while Murray was a West Ham trialist and played football at schoolboy tied with a number of West Ham players such as Jim Barrett. Through this devisal of association the cabaret ‘s fans took it upon themselves to begin singing the democratic music anteroom tune before home games, sometimes reinforced by the presence of a house ring requested to play the abstain by Charlie Paynter. [ 150 ] The 1975 FA Cup version – which contains the original lyrics, and features vocals from the team ‘s then-current players – is always played before home games, with the home push join in and carrying the birdcall on after the music stops at the verse note “ Fortune ‘s always shroud ”. [ 152 ] Bubbles was published as a walk-in whereas during the game the crowd sing it in park fourth dimension. [ 152 ] [ 153 ] Since the 1950s, fans have besides sung the East London public house song Knees Up Mother Brown. The song claim is besides the identify of an internet forum related to the baseball club. [ 154 ]

vandalism

The origins of West Ham ‘s links with mastermind football-related violence starts in the 1960s with the constitution of The Mile End Mob ( named after an area of the East end of London ). [ 170 ] During the 1970s and 1980s ( the main era for organized football-related ferocity ), West Ham gained further notoriety for the levels of vandalism in their fan al-qaeda and antagonistic behavior towards both their own and rival fans, and the patrol. During the 1970s in especial, rival groups of West Ham fans from neighbouring areas much did battle with each other at games, most often groups from the neighbor districts of Barking and Dagenham. [ 171 ] The Inter City Firm were one of the first “ casuals “, therefore called because they avoided police supervision by not wearing football-related clothing and travelled to away matches on regular InterCity trains, rather than on the cheap and more tightly policed “ football special ” lease trains. The group were an ill-famed West Ham-aligned gang. As the tauten ‘s nickname “ bury city ” suggests violent activities were not confined to local anesthetic derbies – the hooligans were content to cause disturb at any game, though nearby teams much bore the brunt. [ 171 ] Both the 1989 film The Firm ( starring Gary Oldman ), [ 172 ] and the 2005 film Green Street ( starring Elijah Wood and Charlie Hunnam ) are based upon West Ham bully firms. [ 173 ]

Rivalries

West Ham have strong rivalries with respective other clubs. Most of these are with other London clubs, particularly with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby [ 174 ] and with Chelsea in an East versus West London competition. The competition between West Ham and Tottenham has been fuelled by players such as Michael Carrick, Martin Peters, Paul Allen, Jermain Defoe and Scott Parker leaving the Hammers to join Tottenham. The competition deepened with the appointment of former Hammers director Harry Redknapp as Tottenham ‘s coach. [ 175 ] Since the 2006–07 Premier League season, West Ham have developed a firm competition with Yorkshire cabaret Sheffield United due to the doubtful circumstances surrounding the transfer of Carlos Tevez, who helped West Ham avoid relegation at Sheffield United ‘s expense. [ 176 ] [ 177 ]
The oldest and fiercest competition is with Millwall. The two sides are local rivals, having both been founded by employees of local anesthetic companies, with players living in the same localities. The early history of both clubs are intertwined, with West Ham proving to be the more successful in a number of meetings between the two teams at the time, resulting in West Ham being promoted at the expense of Millwall. Millwall late declined to join the fledgling Football League while West Ham went on to the circus tent division and an FA Cup final examination. Later in the 1920s, the competition was intensified during rap action which Isle of Dogs -based companies ( i.e., Millwall fans ) refused to support, breeding ill will between the two camps, the resentment of this treachery enduring for years. In 1972, a Millwall assistant died at New Cross station after falling out of a train during a contend with West Ham fans. [ 178 ] The competition between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most ill-famed within the world of football vandalism. The teams were drawn against each other in the second orotund of the 2009–10 League Cup and met on 25 August 2009 at Upton Park. This was the first clock in four years that the two clubs had played each early, and the first ever in the League Cup. Clashes between fans occurred outside the ground, resulting in violence erupting up to half a mile away from the stadium, with unplayful injuries, including the knife of a Millwall garter, damage to property and several arrests reported by patrol. There were besides respective pitch invasions by West Ham supporters which brought a impermanent stop to the game. [ 179 ] In January 2010, West Ham were fined after being found guilty of violent, threatening, obscene and provocative behavior and of failing to prevent their fans entering the field of play. Millwall were cleared of all charges. [ 180 ]

Nicknames

The team and supporters are known as The Hammers, in function because of the golf club ‘s origins as Thames Ironworks. [ 181 ] They are besides known as The Irons [ 181 ] and The Cockney Boys. [ 182 ] other nicknames are The Academy of Football, or merely The Academy. [ 183 ]

stadium

West Ham moved into the Olympic Stadium in 2016 Panorama of the home of the London stadium West Ham and Domžale enter the pitch for beginning ever football game at London stadium Until 2016, West Ham were based at the Boleyn Ground, normally known as Upton Park, in Newham, East London. The capacity of the Boleyn Ground was 35,016, [ 184 ] and had been West Ham ‘s earth since 1904. Prior to this, in their previous incarnation of Thames Ironworks, they played at Hermit Road in Canning Town and concisely at Browning Road in East Ham, before moving to the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow in 1897. They retained the stadium during their transition to becoming West Ham United and were there for a further four seasons before moving to the Boleyn Ground in 1904. Former chair Eggert Magnússon made clear his ambition for West Ham to move to the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Summer Olympics, a desire reiterated by stream chairmen Gold and Sullivan when they assumed control of the clubhouse stating that they felt it was a legitimate move for the Government as it was in the borough of Newham. In February 2010, however, the british Olympic Minister stated that West Ham would not get the stadium, and it would alternatively be used for path and field. [ 185 ] On 17 May 2010, West Ham and Newham London Borough Council submitted a conventional design to the Olympic Park Legacy Company for the use of the Olympic Stadium following the 2012 Summer Olympics. The marriage proposal was for a stadium with a capacity of 60,000 which would retain a competition athletics racetrack. The marriage proposal was welcomed by the president of UK athletics, Ed Warner, who said, “ I think it will feel great as a football stadium and I speak as a football sports fan adenine well the chair of UK Athletics. I think you ‘d find West Ham would cover the racetrack in the winter season so it would n’t look like you had a track between you and the pitch. ” [ 186 ] [ 187 ] On 30 September 2010, the club formally submitted its invite for the Olympic Stadium with a presentation at 10 Downing Street, [ 188 ] and on 8 October 2010 the world ‘s largest know entertainment caller, Live Nation, endorsed the club ‘s Olympic Stadium plans. [ 189 ] Three days after alive nation ‘s sanction, UK Athletics confirmed its conventional support for West Ham United and Newham Council in their joint bid to take over the Olympic Stadium in bequest manner. [ 190 ] In November 2010, West Ham began a search for electric potential developers for “ cozy discussions ” about what would happen to the labor if it were to win its bid to take over the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. According to the clubhouse, the web site could be vacated and open to redevelopment by summer 2014. [ 191 ] On 11 February 2011, the Olympic Park Legacy Committee selected West Ham as the prefer club to move into the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. [ 192 ] [ 193 ] The decision in favor of West Ham ‘s bid was consentaneous, [ 194 ] although controversial as local rivals Tottenham Hotspur had besides been bidding for the venue. [ 195 ] Hopes of moving to the stadium, however, were since placed under doubt following a legal challenge by Tottenham and Leyton Orient, with Leyton Orient cowardly that having West Ham playing less than a mile away from their Brisbane Road ground could steal support from the club and put them out of business. [ 196 ] Both clubs ‘ appeal for a judicial review, however, were rejected on 23 June 2011. [ 197 ] On 3 March 2011, West Ham ‘s proposed be active to the Olympic Stadium was formally approved by the british government and Mayor of London Boris Johnson. On 8 June 2011, it was confirmed that the Westfield Shopping Centre had been in detailed talks with West Ham for naming rights of the newfangled Olympic stadium which could be called the Westfield Stadium. [ 198 ] West Ham announced plans to move from the Boleyn Ground from the 2014–15 season. [ 199 ] In August 2011, an autonomous investigation initiated by the Olympic Park Legacy Company upheld the decisiveness to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. [ 200 ] On 29 June 2011, however, Tottenham announced that they were returning to the High Court again to fight the decision to award West Ham the stadium, in an oral hearing, to try to overturn the original High Court solicitation being rejected. [ 201 ] On 25 August 2011, Tottenham and Leyton Orient were in fact granted a judicial review by the high Court into the Olympic Stadium command process. [ 202 ] On 11 October 2011, the hand to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium collapsed over concerns of legal blackmail, with the politics deciding that the stadium will stay in populace ownership. [ 203 ] Six days former, Tottenham and Leyton Orient announced they had ended their legal challenge after the deal collapsed. [ 204 ] once the original deal collapsed, a newly process to select a tenant was begun. West Ham immediately announced plans to become tenants of the stadium. [ 205 ] By March 2012, West Ham was one of the four bidders for the Stadium. With a decision due by the Olympic Park Legacy Company in May 2012, Mayor of London Boris Johnson delayed the final excerpt of future tenants until completion of the 2012 Summer Olympics, stating that it was “ overwhelmingly probable ” that the tenants would be West Ham. [ 206 ] [ 207 ] It was announced on 22 March 2013 that West Ham had signed a 99-year lease for the Olympic Stadium after the government agreed to put in an extra £1 million towards the costs of converting the site. The clubhouse ‘s plan was to move into the stadium prior to the begin of the 2016–17 temper. [ 208 ] Supporters of rival clubs had pressed for an inquiry into the allow of West Ham ‘s occupancy, arguing that West Ham were being given an unfair advantage by the arrangement. In September 2015, however, the government rejected holding such an question. [ 209 ]

“ academy of Football ” The clubhouse promotes the popular idea of West Ham being “ The Academy of Football “, with the nickname adorning the footing ‘s raw stadium façade. The gloss predominantly refers to the cabaret ‘s youth development system which was established by director Ted Fenton during the 1950s, that has seen a issue of international players emerge through the ranks. [ 210 ] Most notably, the club contributed three players to the World Cup-winning England side of 1966, including club picture Bobby Moore, equally well as Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst who between them scored all of England ‘s goals in the eventual 4–2 victory. other academy players that have gone on to play for England have included Trevor Brooking, Alvin Martin, Tony Cottee and Paul Ince. Since the recently 1990s, Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick and Glen Johnson began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for much bigger clubs. Most recently, the likes of first teamers Mark Noble and James Tomkins, adenine well as Welsh international Jack Collison, have emerged through the Academy. Frustratingly for fans and managers alike, [ 211 ] the club has struggled to retain many of these players due to ( predominantly ) fiscal reasons. [ 212 ] West Ham, during the 2007–08 season, had an average of 6.61 english players in the start telephone line up, higher than any other Premier League baseball club, [ 213 ] which cemented their status as one of the few Premier League club left that were recognised to be bringing through young English talent and were recognised as having “ homegrown players. ” between 2000 and 2011, the club produced eight England players, vitamin a many as Manchester United and one fewer than Arsenal. [ 214 ] much of the success of The Academy has been attributed to Tony Carr, who was West Ham youth coach between 1973 and 2014. [ 215 ]

Players

First-team team

As of 22 September 2021[216]

note : Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality .

Out on lend

note : Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality .

Under-23s

early players

retire numbers

club captains

West Ham dream team

In the 2003 book The Official West Ham United Dream Team, 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven. The vote was restricted to players from the modern era .

Hammer of the year

The pursuit is a tilt of recipients of the ‘Hammer of the Year ‘ award. [ 219 ] The first award, to Andy Malcolm in 1957–58, was nominated by a journalist at The Stratford Express. subsequent recipients would be awarded the title after a vote by supporters. [ 220 ] Trevor Brooking was the first base actor for West Ham United to have been honoured with the title of Hammer of the Year three times in a row in 1976, 1977 and 1978. Scott Parker repeated this feat between 2009 and 2011. [ 221 ] Brooking has won the award the most times, on five occasions : 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1984. Bobby Moore, Billy Bonds and julian Dicks have each won it four times. Bobby Moore has been runner-up four times, while Billy Bonds and Tony Cottee have both been runner-up three times. Billy Bonds and Trevor Brooking ‘s wins are celebrated in the sum of clock between foremost and survive Hammer of the Year award. Bonds has 16 years separating his wins whilst Brooking has 12 .

Lifetime Achievement Award

In 2013, West Ham United introduced a modern annual award, the West Ham United Lifetime Achievement Award. The first award was presented to club-record appearance godhead Billy Bonds, who picked up the award on the pitch at Upton Park before kick-off against Cardiff City on the open day of the 2013–14 season. [ 222 ] The 2014 award was presented to Sir Trevor Brooking, a criminal record five-time winner of the Hammer of the Year award. Brooking received the award before the 2014–15 season curtain-raiser against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 August 2014. [ 223 ] Brooking had already had the Centenary Stand at the Boleyn footing named after him in 2009. The 2015 award was awarded to Martin Peters. [ 224 ] On 3 May 2016, it was announced via the cabaret ‘s official web site that the fourth recipient role of the prize would be Sir Geoff Hurst, the clubhouse ‘s second all-time leading goalscorer, and scorekeeper of a hat-trick in the 1966 World Cup Final. Hurst would be honoured at the club ‘s 2015/16 Player Awards Ceremony. [ 225 ] Ken Brown became the sixth recipient of the award, in April 2018. [ 226 ] The 2019 honor was awarded to midfielder Ronnie Boyce who made his debut for West Ham in 1960. [ 227 ]

current staff

As of 10 November 2021

Staff and directors [ 228 ]
Coaching staff [ 229 ] [ 230 ] [ 231 ]

Managers

West Ham United have had 17 permanent managers in their history and an extra three caretaker managers .

ownership and chairmen

In January 2010, David Sullivan and David Gold acquired a 50 % parcel in West Ham, given them overall operational and commercial operate. [ 235 ] At the end of May 2010, Gold and Sullivan purchased a further 10 % stake in the club at a cost of £8 million. Taking their controlling venture to 60 %, they announced that they could open up shares for fans to purchase. [ 236 ] On 9 August 2010, Gold and Sullivan increased their shares up to 30.6 % each with “ minority investors ”, ( which included early owner Terry Brown, purchasing a promote 3.8 % of the club at a cost of around −4 million ) leaving Icelandic Straumur Investment Bank owning 35 % of the club. [ 237 ] On 2 July 2013, Sullivan acquired a further 25 % of shares after restructuring the debt of the club, leaving Straumur Bank with just 10 %. [ 238 ] In ordain to clear clubhouse debts before a travel to the Olympic Stadium in 2016, in December 2014 Sullivan announced the handiness for sale of 20 % of the clubhouse. [ 239 ] The clear of club debts, given in July 2013 as £70 million, was given as a pre-condition to a move to the Olympic Stadium. [ 240 ] On 10 November 2021, the clubhouse announced Czech billionaire Daniel Křetínský had acquired 27 % of the shares of the club, reducing Gold and Sullivan ‘s shares at the golf club. [ 241 ]

european record

Honours

[ 242 ]

Statistics and records

attendance

Transfers

Biggest Transfer fee paid: £45 million to Eintracht Frankfurt for Sébastien Haller, 17 July 2019[249]
Biggest Transfer fee received: £25 million from Marseille for Dimitri Payet, 29 January 2017[250]

phonograph record results and performances

Victories

Defeats

Club league highs and lows

Home:
- Most:
- Most home wins: 19 (1980–81)
- Most home draws: 10 (1981–82)
- Most home defeats: 10 (1988–89)
- Most home goals scored: 59 (1958–59)
- Most home goals conceded: 44 (1930–31)
- Fewest:
- Fewest home wins: 3 (1988–89)
- Fewest home draws: 1 (1934–35, 1980–81)
- Fewest home defeats: 1 (1957–58, 1980–81)
- Fewest home goals scored: 19 (1988–89)
- Fewest home goals conceded: 11 (1920–21, 1922–23)

Away:
- Most:
- Most away wins: 13 (2011–12)
- Most away draws: 10 (1968–69)
- Most away defeats: 17 (1932–33)
- Most away goals scored: 45 (1957–58)
- Most away goals conceded: 70 (1931–32)
- Fewest:
- Fewest away wins: 1 (1925–26, 1932–33, 1937–38, 1960–61, 2009–10)
- Fewest away draws: 1 (1982–83)
- Fewest away defeats: 3 (1980–81)
- Fewest away goals scored: 12 (1996–97)
- Fewest away goals conceded: 16 (1990–91)

Total:
- Most:
- Most wins: 28 (1980–81)
- Most draws: 18 (1968–69)
- Most defeats: 23 (1931–32)
- Most goals scored: 101 (1957–58)
- Most goals conceded: 107 (1931–32)
- Fewest:
- Fewest wins: 7 (2010–11)
- Fewest draws: 4 (1934–35, 1964–65, 1982–83)
- Fewest defeats: 4 (1980–81)
- Fewest goals scored: 37 (1988–89, 1991–92)
- Fewest goals conceded: 29 (1980–81)

Club goal records

Most league goals in a season:
- 101, Division Two (1957–58)
Top league scorer in a season:
- Vic Watson (42) Div. One (1929–30)
Top scorer in a season:
- Vic Watson (50) Div. One (1929–30)
Most goals in one match:
- Vic Watson (6) v Leeds United (h) 9 February 1929
- Geoff Hurst (6) v Sunderland (h) 19 October 1968

Follow link to Official West Ham United Records Page [ 251 ] | style= ” width:80px ; ” | | valign= ” top ” |

musician records

In popular culture

In a Monty Python sketch four communist thinkers and leaders appear on a news show World Forum, where they are asked football questions. Karl Marx fails to identify the nickname “the Hammers” as the nickname for West Ham.[252]
For the IT Crowd episode “Are We Not Men” Roy pretends to enjoy football and claims to be a follower of West Ham, thinking he made the team up. Instead, it turns out everyone at the table is a supporter and they invite him to a match.[253]
In the final episode of season two of Ted Lasso, “Inverting the Pyramid of Success”, former Richmond owner Rupert Mannion buys West Ham and installs Richmond’s former kitman-turned-coach, Nate Shelley, as the head coach.[254]

See besides

References

bibliography

Belton, Brian (2007). “BROWN OUT”: The Biography of West Ham Chairmen, Terence Brown. Pennant Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906015-11-4.
Belton, Brian (2006). West Ham United Miscellany. Pennant Books. ISBN 978-0-9550394-4-7.
Blows, Kirk & Hogg, Tony (2000). The Essential History of West Ham United. Headline. ISBN 978-0-7472-7036-2.
Hellier, John & Leatherdale, Clive (2000). West Ham United: The Elite Era – A Complete Record. Desert Island. ISBN 978-1-874287-31-5.
Hogg, Tony (2005). Who’s Who of West Ham United. Profile Sports Media. ISBN 978-1-903135-50-1.
Kerrigan, Colm (1997). Gatling Gun George Hilsdon. Football Lives. ISBN 978-0-9530718-0-7.
Korr, Charles (1986). West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-01405-5.
Nawrat, Chris & Hutchings, Steve (1996). The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-1-85613-341-8.
Pickering, David (1994). The Cassell Soccer Companion. Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-34231-0.
Redknapp, Harry With Derek McGovern (1998). Harry Redknapp – My Autobiography. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-218872-2.
Ward, Adam & Smith, Dave (2003). The Official West Ham United Dream Team. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0-600-60835-6.