K League ( Hangul : K리그 ) is South Korea ‘s professional football league. It includes first gear division K League 1 and second division K League 2. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
history [edit ]
Until the 1970s, south korean football operated two major football leagues, the National Semi-professional Football League and the National University Football League, but these were not professional leagues in which footballers can focus on only football. In 1979, however, the Korea Football Association ( KFA ) ‘s president Choi Soon-young planned to found a pro football league, [ 3 ] and made the inaugural pro club Hallelujah FC the next year. [ 4 ] After the south korean pro baseball league KBO League was founded in 1982, the KFA was mindful of crisis about the popularity of football. [ 5 ] In 1983, it urgently made the korean Super League with two professional clubs ( Hallelujah FC, Yukong Elephants ) and three semi-pro clubs ( Pohang Steelworks, Daewoo Royals, Kookmin Bank ) to professionalize south korean football. then the Super League accomplished its purpose after existing clubs were besides converted into pro clubs ( Pohang, Daewoo ), or new professional clubs joined the league. In the early on years, it besides showed a forwarding system by giving qualifications to the Semi-professional League winners. ( Hanil Bank in 1984, Sangmu FC in 1985 )
Reading: K League – Wikipedia
however, the act of spectators was systematically decreased despite KFA ‘s campaign, so the professional league, renamed as the Korean Professional Football League, operated base and away system to sake fans since 1987. [ 6 ] On 30 July 1994, the Professional League Committee under KFA was independent of the association, and renamed as the “ korean Professional Football Federation ”. In 1996, South korean government and the Football Federation introduced a decentralization policy to proliferate the popularity of football nationally in preparation for the 2002 FIFA World Cup, which they wanted to host. respective clubs located in the capital Seoul moved to other cities according to the new policy, but this was abolished after only three years and is regarded as a fail policy because it gave up the most populous city in South Korea. In 1998, the league was renamed again as current K League. [ 7 ] It had the current format by abolishing the K League Championship and the Korean League Cup after the 2011 temper, and being split into two divisions in 2013. The first division ‘s name was K League Classic, the second division ‘s name was K League Challenge and the comprehensive stigmatize list was K League. The fact that both the first and second divisions had identical like names caused some academic degree of confusion and controversy. [ 8 ] Beginning with the 2018 season, the first gear class was renamed to K League 1 and the second class to K League 2. On February 23, 2021, an OTT platform named “ K League television ” formally began its service : born from a partnership between K League and their official relay operator abroad, Sportradar, the platform would guarantee access to users from about the solid world ( except for Korea ), broadcast K League 1 and K League 2 matches in real prison term and master of ceremonies crippled highlights and interviews. K League television receiver besides represented the first official portal to publish contented about both the championships in English. [ 9 ]
social organization [edit ]
Below the K League 1, there is the K League 2, and both form the K League as professional championships. Under them, there are two semi-professional leagues ( K3 League, K4 League ) and respective amateurish leagues, but their clubs can not be promoted to K League. however, since 2021 K League 1 and K League 2 teams have been allowed to create reserve teams set to play in the K4 League. [ 10 ]
Clubs [edit ]
current clubs [edit ]
K League 1 [edit ]
- a b Has two home stadiums
K League 2 [edit ]
all-time clubs [edit ]
As of 2022, there have been a sum of 33 penis clubs in the history of the K League – those clubs are listed below with their stream names ( where applicable ) :
- K League’s principle of official statistics is that final club succeeds to predecessor club’s history and records.
- Clubs in italics no longer exist.
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club “ POSCO FC ” on 1 April 1973 .
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional baseball club on 20 December 1980
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club “ Saehan Motors FC ” on 22 November 1979
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club on 29 September 1969
- a b c d Sangmu, Gwangju Sangmu, Sangju Sangmu, and Gimcheon Sangmu are separate legal entities according to the K League Federation
- a b Ansan Mugunghwa, and Asan Mugunghwa are separate legal entities according to the K League Federation
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional cabaret “ Hallelujah FC ” on 3 April 1999
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club “ Hummel FC ” on 9 December 1999
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional cabaret “ Suwon City FC ” on 15 March 2003
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional clubhouse “ Gimpo Citizen FC ” on 29 January 2013
Champions [edit ]
Promotion-relegation playoffs [edit ]
The K League promotion-relegation playoffs were introduced in 2013 and are contested between the 11th-placed team of the K League 1 and the runner-up of the K League 2. The first peg is always played at the second base class team ‘s home land, while the second peg is played at the first division team ‘s home ground .
- ^ Two K League 1 teams were relegated, so runner-up of the K League 2 were directly promoted in this year .
Records and statistics [edit ]
K League formally includes records of K League 1, K League 2 and Korean League Cup in its statistics .
- As of 25 November 2020[11]
- ^ The union of goals and assists
restriction of alien players [edit ]
At the origin of the K League in 1983, only two brazilian players made rosters. At the time, rules allowed each club to have three extraneous players and that the three could besides play simultaneously in a game. From the 1996 season, each team had five extraneous players among whom three could play in a game at the same time. Since 1999, foreign goalkeepers are banned from the league because south korean clubs excessively employed foreign goalkeepers after watching Valeri Sarychev ‘s performances at that clock time. [ 12 ] In 2001 and 2002, the limit on extraneous players was expanded seven but alone three could play in a game at the lapp time. The limit was lower to five in 2003, four in 2005, and three in 2007. Since 2009, the issue of foreign players went back up to four per team, including a slot for a player from AFC countries. Since 2020, Southeast asian players can be registered under the ASEAN Quota. [ 13 ]
| Season | Lineup | Squad | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983–1993 | 2 | 2 | |
| 1994 | 2 | 3 | |
| 1995 | 3 | 3 | |
| 1996–2000 | 3 | 5 | The number of foreign goalkeepers’ appearances was limited in 1997 and 1998, and their employment is being banned since 1999.
|
| 2001–2002 | 3 | 7 | Temporary operation due to frequent call-ups of the World Cup team. |
| 2003–2004 | 3 | 5 | |
| 2005 | 3 | 4 | |
| 2006–2008 | 3 | 3 | |
| 2009–2019 | 3+1 | 3+1 | +1 AFC player |
| 2020–present | 3+1+1 | 3+1+1 | +1 AFC player +1 Southeast Asian player |
move of clubs [edit ]
In early years, the hometowns of K League clubs were determined, [ 14 ] but they were pointless in substance because the clubs played all K League matches by going around all stadiums together. The current family and aside system is being operated since 1987. The clubs were relocated from provinces to cities in 1990, but clubs are presently based in their area careless of state and city since 1994. In 1996, the decentralization policy was operated. In result 3 clubs based in Seoul were relocated. Since 1996, It was obligatory for all clubs to include hometown name in their baseball club mention .
- ^ K League formally introduced the resettlement policy to cities in 1990, but POSCO Atoms already followed it in 1988 .
- ^ Bucheon Yukong decided Bucheon as its newfangled city in 1996, but it played its home matches at Mokdong Stadium located in Mok-dong, Seoul until 2000, because Bucheon Stadium was under construction during that time .
- ^ K League officially introduced the resettlement policy to cities in 1990, but Daewoo Royals already followed it in 1989 .
- ^ Gwangju Sangmu, Sangju Sangmu, and Gimcheon Sangmu are separate legal entities by K League. officially, not relocated and founded as a new club .
- ^ Police FC, Ansan Police, and Asan Mugunghwa are separate legal entities by K League. officially, not relocated and re-founded as a new civil club, named Chungnam Asan, in 2019 .
- ^ Played all matches at away stadiums
Awards [edit ]
See besides [edit ]
References [edit ]
Read more: FIFA 21 Pro Clubs