K League ( Hangul : K리그 ) is South Korea ‘s professional football league. It includes first division K League 1 and second part K League 2. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
history [edit ]
Until the 1970s, confederacy korean football operated two major football leagues, the National Semi-professional Football League and the National University Football League, but these were not professional leagues in which footballers can focus on only football. In 1979, however, the Korea Football Association ( KFA ) ‘s president Choi Soon-young planned to found a pro football league, [ 3 ] and made the first gear pro club Hallelujah FC the future class. [ 4 ] After the confederacy korean pro baseball league KBO League was founded in 1982, the KFA was aware of crisis about the popularity of football. [ 5 ] In 1983, it urgently made the korean Super League with two pro clubs ( Hallelujah FC, Yukong Elephants ) and three semi-pro clubs ( Pohang Steelworks, Daewoo Royals, Kookmin Bank ) to professionalize south korean football. then the Super League accomplished its function after existing clubs were besides converted into pro clubs ( Pohang, Daewoo ), or new professional clubs joined the league. In the early years, it besides showed a forwarding system by giving qualifications to the Semi-professional League winners. ( Hanil Bank in 1984, Sangmu FC in 1985 )
Reading: K League – Wikipedia
however, the number of spectators was systematically decreased despite KFA ‘s feat, so the pro league, renamed as the Korean Professional Football League, operated home and away system to interest fans since 1987. [ 6 ] On 30 July 1994, the Professional League Committee under KFA was independent of the association, and renamed as the “ korean Professional Football Federation ”. In 1996, South korean government and the Football Federation introduced a decentralization policy to proliferate the popularity of football nationally in planning for the 2002 FIFA World Cup, which they wanted to host. several clubs located in the capital Seoul moved to other cities according to the new policy, but this was abolished after lone three years and is regarded as a fail policy because it gave up the most populous city in South Korea. In 1998, the league was renamed again as current K League. [ 7 ] It had the current format by abolishing the K League Championship and the Korean League Cup after the 2011 temper, and being split into two divisions in 2013. The first division ‘s appoint was K League Classic, the moment division ‘s name was K League Challenge and the comprehensive brand name was K League. The fact that both the first and second base divisions had identical similar names caused some academic degree of confusion and controversy. [ 8 ] Beginning with the 2018 season, the first gear part was renamed to K League 1 and the second division to K League 2. On February 23, 2021, an OTT platform named “ K League television receiver ” formally began its overhaul : born from a partnership between K League and their official relay operator abroad, Sportradar, the platform would guarantee access to users from about the whole populace ( except for Korea ), broadcast K League 1 and K League 2 matches in real clock time and host game highlights and interviews. K League television besides represented the first official portal vein to publish message about both the championships in English. [ 9 ]
structure [edit ]
Below the K League 1, there is the K League 2, and both form the K League as professional championships. Under them, there are two semi-professional leagues ( K3 League, K4 League ) and several amateur leagues, but their clubs can not be promoted to K League. however, since 2021 K League 1 and K League 2 teams have been allowed to create reserve teams set to play in the K4 League. [ 10 ]
Clubs [edit ]
current clubs [edit ]
K League 1 [edit ]
- a b Has two family stadiums
K League 2 [edit ]
all-time clubs [edit ]
As of 2022, there have been a sum of 33 member clubs in the history of the K League – those clubs are listed below with their stream names ( where applicable ) :
- K League’s principle of official statistics is that final club succeeds to predecessor club’s history and records.
- Clubs in italics no longer exist.
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional golf club “ POSCO FC ” on 1 April 1973 .
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club on 20 December 1980
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club “ Saehan Motors FC ” on 22 November 1979
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club on 29 September 1969
- a b c d Sangmu, Gwangju Sangmu, Sangju Sangmu, and Gimcheon Sangmu are separate legal entities according to the K League Federation
- a b Ansan Mugunghwa, and Asan Mugunghwa are separate legal entities according to the K League Federation
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional club “ Hallelujah FC ” on 3 April 1999
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional baseball club “ Hummel FC ” on 9 December 1999
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional golf club “ Suwon City FC ” on 15 March 2003
Read more: สรุปเหรียญโอลิมปิกฤดูร้อน 2016 – วิกิพีเดีย
- ^ Founded as a semi-professional clubhouse “ Gimpo Citizen FC ” on 29 January 2013
Champions [edit ]
Promotion-relegation playoffs [edit ]
The K League promotion-relegation playoffs were introduced in 2013 and are contested between the 11th-placed team of the K League 1 and the runner-up of the K League 2. The beginning peg is constantly played at the second division team ‘s dwelling ground, while the second leg is played at the first part team ‘s home footing .
- ^ Two K League 1 teams were relegated, so runner-up of the K League 2 were directly promoted in this year .
Records and statistics [edit ]
K League formally includes records of K League 1, K League 2 and Korean League Cup in its statistics .
- As of 25 November 2020[11]
- ^ The sum of goals and assists
restriction of foreign players [edit ]
At the origin of the K League in 1983, merely two brazilian players made rosters. At the clock time, rules allowed each clubhouse to have three foreign players and that the three could besides play simultaneously in a game. From the 1996 season, each team had five alien players among whom three could play in a crippled at the same prison term. Since 1999, foreign goalkeepers are banned from the league because south korean clubs excessively employed foreign goalkeepers after watching Valeri Sarychev ‘s performances at that clock. [ 12 ] In 2001 and 2002, the terminus ad quem on alien players was expanded seven but only three could play in a game at the same prison term. The terminus ad quem was lower to five in 2003, four in 2005, and three in 2007. Since 2009, the total of foreign players went back up to four per team, including a slot for a player from AFC countries. Since 2020, Southeast asian players can be registered under the ASEAN Quota. [ 13 ]
| Season | Lineup | Squad | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983–1993 | 2 | 2 | |
| 1994 | 2 | 3 | |
| 1995 | 3 | 3 | |
| 1996–2000 | 3 | 5 | The number of foreign goalkeepers’ appearances was limited in 1997 and 1998, and their employment is being banned since 1999.
|
| 2001–2002 | 3 | 7 | Temporary operation due to frequent call-ups of the World Cup team. |
| 2003–2004 | 3 | 5 | |
| 2005 | 3 | 4 | |
| 2006–2008 | 3 | 3 | |
| 2009–2019 | 3+1 | 3+1 | +1 AFC player |
| 2020–present | 3+1+1 | 3+1+1 | +1 AFC player +1 Southeast Asian player |
move of clubs [edit ]
In early years, the hometowns of K League clubs were determined, [ 14 ] but they were pointless in substance because the clubs played all K League matches by going around all stadiums together. The stream home and away system is being operated since 1987. The clubs were relocated from provinces to cities in 1990, but clubs are presently based in their area regardless of state and city since 1994. In 1996, the decentralization policy was operated. In result 3 clubs based in Seoul were relocated. Since 1996, It was obligatory for all clubs to include hometown diagnose in their baseball club name .
- ^ K League formally introduced the move policy to cities in 1990, but POSCO Atoms already followed it in 1988 .
- ^ Bucheon Yukong decided Bucheon as its new city in 1996, but it played its family matches at Mokdong Stadium located in Mok-dong, Seoul until 2000, because Bucheon Stadium was under structure during that clock time .
- ^ K League formally introduced the move policy to cities in 1990, but Daewoo Royals already followed it in 1989 .
- ^ Gwangju Sangmu, Sangju Sangmu, and Gimcheon Sangmu are separate legal entities by K League. formally, not relocated and founded as a modern club .
- ^ Police FC, Ansan Police, and Asan Mugunghwa are classify legal entities by K League. officially, not relocated and re-founded as a new civil club, named Chungnam Asan, in 2019 .
- ^ Played all matches at away stadiums
Awards [edit ]
See besides [edit ]
References [edit ]
Read more: Cha Bum-kun – Wikipedia