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Angel in Abrahamic religions
“ Jibrail ” redirects here. For the greenwich village in Iran, see Jibrail, Iran “ Angel Gabriel ” redirects here. For the american comedian book artist, see Angel Gabriele

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In the Abrahamic religions, Gabriel ( ; Hebrew : גַּבְרִיאֵל‎ Gaḇrīʾēl, ‘God is my Strength ‘ ; Greek : Γαβριήλ, Gabriḗl ; Latin : Gabriel, Fortitudo Dei ; Coptic : Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ, Gabriêl ; Amharic : ገብርኤል, Gabrəʾel ; Aramaic : ܓ݁ܰܒ݂ܪܺܝܐܝܶܠ‎, romanized : Gaḇrīʾēl ; Arabic : جِبْرَائِيل، جِبْرِيل‎, romanized : Jibrīl, Jibrāʾīl and in turkish cultures, Cebrail ) is an archangel, first described in the Hebrew Bible .
In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to explain his visions ( Daniel 8 :15–26, 9 :21–27 ). The garden angelica besides appears in the Book of Enoch and other ancient jewish writings. Alongside the garden angelica Michael, Gabriel is described as the defender saint of Israel, defending its people against the angels of the early nations. Gabriel is besides translated as “ intensity of God ” in some languages. [ 6 ] The Gospel of Luke relates the stories of the Annunciation, in which the angel Gabriel appears to Zechariah and the Virgin Mary, foretelling the births of John the Baptist and Jesus, respectively ( Luke 1:11–38 ). many christian traditions—including Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Roman Catholicism —revere Gabriel as a saint. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] Islam regards Gabriel as an garden angelica sent by God to respective prophets, including Muhammad. [ 8 ] The first five verses of the Al-Alaq, the 96th chapter of the Quran, is believed by Muslims to have been the first verses revealed by Gabriel to Muhammad. [ citation needed ]
Statue of Archangel Gabriel ( fifteenth century ), adorning the top of the northwest recess column of the Palazzo Ducale in Venice The Latter Day Saints hold that the angel Gabriel is the lapp person as the prophet Noah in his deadly ministry. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Yazidis consider Gabriel one of the Seven Mysteries, the seven to which God entrusted the world and sometimes identified with Melek Taus. [ 11 ] According to the ancient Gnostic manuscript, the Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit, Gabriel is a divine being and inhabitant of the Pleroma who existed anterior to the Demiurge. [ 12 ]

judaism [edit ]

Talmudic rabbi interpreted the “ world in linen ” as Gabriel in the Book of Daniel and the Book of Ezekiel. In the Book of Daniel, Gabriel is responsible for interpreting Daniel ‘s visions. Gabriel ‘s main function in Daniel is that of revealer, a role he continues in former literature. In the Book of Ezekiel, Gabriel is understand to be the angel that was sent to destroy Jerusalem. According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, Gabriel takes the phase of a man, and stands at the left hand of God. [ 13 ] Shimon ben Lakish ( Syria Palaestina, 3rd hundred ) concluded that the angelic names of Michael, Raphael, and Gabriel came out of the Babylonian exile ( Gen. Rab. 48:9 ). [ 14 ] Alongside archangel Michael, Gabriel is described as the defender angel of Israel, defending this people against the angels of the other nations. [ 6 ] In Kabbalah, Gabriel is identified with the sephirah of Yesod. Gabriel besides has a big function as one of God ‘s archangels in the Kabbalah literature. There, Gabriel is portrayed as working in concert with Michael as separate of God ‘s motor hotel. Gabriel is not to be prayed to because only God can answer prayers and sends Gabriel as his agent. [ 13 ] According to Jewish mythology, in the Garden of Eden there is a tree of life or the “ tree of souls ” [ 15 ] that blossoms and produces new souls, which fall into the Guf, the Treasury of Souls. Gabriel reaches into the treasury and takes out the first base soul that comes into his hand. then Lailah, the Angel of Conception, watches over the embryo until it is born. [ citation needed ]

Intertestamental literature [edit ]

The intertestamental menstruation ( roughly 200 BC – 50 AD ) produced a wealth of literature, much of it having an apocalyptic orientation course. The names and ranks of angels and devils were greatly expanded, and each had finical duties and condition before God. In 1 Enoch 9 :1–3, Gabriel, along with Michael, Uriel and Suriel, “ saw much rake being shed upon the land ” ( 9:1 ) and heard the souls of men cry, “ Bring our cause before the Most high ” ( 9:3 ). In 1 Enoch 10:1, the reply came from “ the Most High, the Holy and Great One ” who sent forth agents, including Gabriel—

And the Lord said to Gabriel : “ ‘Proceed against the bastards and the reprobates, and against the children of adultery : and destroy [ the children of adultery and ] the children of the Watchers from amongst men [ and cause them to go forth ] : send them one against the other that they may destroy each other in battle : for length of days shall they not have. ”1 Enoch 10:9

Gabriel is the fifth of the five angels who keep determine : “ Gabriel, one of the holy place angels, who is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim ” ( 1 Enoch 20:7 ). When Enoch asked who the four figures were that he had seen :

And he said to me : ‘This beginning is Michael, the merciful and long-sufferance : and the second, who is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael : and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel : and the fourth, who is set over the repentance unto hope of those who inherit endless life sentence, is named Phanuel. ‘ And these are the four angels of the Lord of Spirits and the four voices I heard in those days .Enoch 40:9

christendom [edit ]

New Testament [edit ]

Archangel Gabriel. A fresco from the Tsalenjikha Cathedral by Cyrus Emanuel Eugenicus. fourteenth hundred. beginning, concerning John the Baptist, an angel appeared to his father Zacharias, a priest of the course of Abia, ( Luke 1:5–7 ) whose barren wife Elisabeth was of the daughters of Aaron, while he ministered in the temple :

10 And the wholly multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.
11 And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord stand on the right slope of the altar of incense.
12 And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.
13 But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias : for thy entreaty is heard ; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his identify John.
14 And thousand shalt have joy and gladness ; and many shall rejoice at his birth.
15 For he shall be big in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor solid drink ; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother ‘s uterus.
16 And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.
17 And he shall go before him in the heart and ability of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the equitable ; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.
18 And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this ? for I am an old homo, and my wife well stricken in years.
19 And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God ; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these gladiolus tidings.
20 And, behold, thou shalt be dense, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thousand believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season .
Luke 1:10-20[16]

After completing his week [ 17 ] of ministry, Zacharias returned to his home and his wife Elizabeth conceived. After she completed “ five months ” ( Luke 1:21–25 ) of her pregnancy, Gabriel is mentioned again :

26 And in the sixth calendar month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,
27 To a virgin espoused to a valet whose identify was Joseph, of the house of David ; and the virgin ‘s list was Mary.
28 And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee : blessed art thousand among women.
29 And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salute this should be.
30 And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary : for thousand hast found favor with God.
31 And, behold, thousand shalt conceive in thy uterus, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his diagnose JESUS.
32 He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest : and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his don David :
33 And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever ; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.
34 then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a serviceman ?
35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the ability of the Highest shall overshadow thee : therefore besides that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.
36 And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath besides conceived a son in her old age : and this is the sixth calendar month with her, who was called barren.
37 For with God nothing shall be impossible.
38 And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord ; be it unto me according to thy son. And the saint departed from her .
Luke 1:26-38[18]

Gabriel entirely appears by name in those two passages in Luke. In the first passage the angel identified himself as Gabriel, but in the irregular it is Luke who identified him as Gabriel. The only other named angels in the New Testament are Michael the Archangel ( in Jude 1:9 ) and Abaddon ( in Revelation 9:11 ). Gabriel is not called an archangel in the Bible. Believers are expressly warned not to worship angels ( in Colossians 2:18–19 and Revelation 19:10 ). [ 19 ]

Gabriel ‘s horn [edit ]

The trope of Gabriel blowing a trumpet blast to indicate the Lord ‘s retort to Earth is specially familiar in Spirituals. however, though the bible mentions a cornet gust preceding the resurrection of the dead, it never specifies Gabriel as the trumpeter. different passages state different things : the angels of the Son of Man ( Matthew 24 :31 ) ; the voice of the Son of God ( John 5 :25-29 ) ; God ‘s trumpet ( I Thessalonians 4:16 ) ; seven angels sounding a serial of blasts ( Revelation 8 – 11 ) ; or just “ a trumpet will sound ” ( I Corinthians 15:52 ). [ 20 ] In relate traditions, Gabriel is again not identified as the trumpeter. In Judaism, trumpets are big, and they seem to be blown by God himself, or sometimes Michael. In Zoroastrianism, there is no trumpeter at the end judgment. In Islamic tradition, it is Israfil who blows the cornet, though he is not named in the Qur’an. The christian Church Fathers do not mention Gabriel as the trumpeter ; early english literature similarly does not. [ 20 ] The earliest know recognition of Gabriel as the trumpeter comes in the Hymn of the armenian Saint Nerses Shnorhali, “ for Protection in the Night ” : [ 21 ]

The legal of Gabriel ‘s cornet on the last nox, make us worthy to hear, and to stand on your right hand among the sheep with lanterns of inextinguishable easy ; to be like the five wise virgins, so that with the groom in the bride bedroom we, his spiritual brides may enter into aura .

In 1455, in armenian art, there is an illustration in an armenian manuscript showing Gabriel sounding his trumpet as the dead climb out of their graves. [ 22 ] Two centuries later, Gabriel is identified as the trumpeter, in John Milton ‘s Paradise Lost ( 1667 ) : [ 20 ] [ 23 ]

Betwixt these rockie pillars Gabriel sat
Chief of the Angelic guards ( IV.545f ) …
He ended, and the Son gave signal high
To the bright minister that watch ‘d, he blew
His trumpet, learn in Oreb since possibly
When God descended, and possibly once more
To sound at general doom. ( XI.72ff ) .

former, Gabriel ‘s cornet is omnipresent in Negro spirituals, but it is unclear how the Byzantine creation inspired Milton and the spirituals, though they presumably have a common informant. [ 20 ]

Gabriel ‘s horn besides makes an appearance in “ The Eyes of Texas “ ( 1903 ) in which it signifies the ecstasy. [ 24 ] In Marc Connelly ‘s play based on spirituals, The Green Pastures ( 1930 ), Gabriel has his beloved trumpet constantly with him, and the Lord has to warn him not to blow it besides soon. [ 20 ] Four years late “ Blow, Gabriel, Blow ” was introduced by Ethel Merman in Cole Porter ‘s Anything Goes ( 1934 ) .

Feast days [edit ]

Saint Gabriel the Archangel ‘s festival day was entirely celebrated on 18 March according to many sources dating between 1588 and 1921 ; unusually, a reservoir published in 1856 [ 25 ] has the feast celebrated on 7 April for strange reasons ( a parenthetic note states that the day is normally celebrated on 18 March ). Writer Elizabeth Drayson mentions the fete being celebrated on 18 March 1588 in her 2013 koran “ The Lead Books of Granada ”. [ 26 ] One of the oldest out-of-print sources placing the banquet on 18 March, beginning published in 1608, is “ Flos sanctorum : historia general de la vida y hechos de Jesu-Christo … y de los santos de que reza y haze fete louisiana Iglesia Catholica … ” by the spanish writer Alonso de Villegas ; a newer version of this book was published in 1794. [ 27 ] Another source published in Ireland in 1886 the Irish Ecclesiastical Record besides mentions 18 March. [ 28 ] The feed of Saint Gabriel was included by Pope Benedict XV in the General Roman Calendar in 1921, for celebration on 24 March. [ 29 ] In 1969 the day was formally transferred to 29 September for celebration in concurrence with the banquet of the archangels St. Michael and St. Raphael. [ 30 ] The Church of England has besides adopted the 29 September date, known as Michaelmas. The Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite celebrate his feast day on 8 November ( for those churches that follow the traditional Julian Calendar, 8 November presently falls on 21 November of the modern Gregorian Calendar, a dispute of 13 days ). eastern Orthodox commemorate him, not only on his November banquet, but besides on two early days : 26 March is the “ Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel ” and celebrates his function in the Annunciation. 13 July is besides known as the “ Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel ”, and celebrates all the appearances and miracles attributed to Gabriel throughout history. The feast was first base established on Mount Athos when, in the ninth hundred, during the predominate of Emperor Basil II and the Empress Constantina Porphyrogenitus and while Nicholas Chrysoverges was Patriarch of Constantinople, the Archangel appeared in a cell [ 31 ] near Karyes, where he wrote with his feel on a stone pad the hymn to the Theotokos, “ It is rightfully converge … “. [ 32 ] The Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates his banquet on 13 Paoni, [ 33 ] 22 Koiak and 26 Paoni. [ 34 ] The ethiopian Church celebrates his fete on 28 December, with a ample count of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to “ Saint Gabriel ” in Kulubi on that day. [ 35 ] additionally, Gabriel is the patron ideal of messengers, those who work for broadcasting and telecommunications such as radio receiver and television, postal workers, clerics, diplomats, and tender collectors. [ 5 ]

latter-day Saint teachings [edit ]

In latter-day Saint theology, Gabriel is believed to have lived a mortal life as the prophet Noah. The two are regarded as the same individual ; Noah being his deadly name and Gabriel being his heavenly name. [ 9 ] [ 10 ]

Islam [edit ]

“ Jibril ” redirects here. For the 2018 german film, see Jibril ( film ) Gabriel ( Arabic : جِبْرِيل‎, romanized : Jibrīl, or Arabic : جبرائيل‎ Jibrāʾīl [ 36 ] ), [ 37 ] is venerated as one of the primary archangels and as the Angel of Revelation in Islam. exegesis narrates that Muhammad saw Gabriel in his full angelic magnificence only twice, the first time being when he received his first disclosure. [ 38 ] As the Bible portrays Gabriel as a celestial messenger sent to Daniel, [ 39 ] Mary, [ 40 ] and Zechariah, [ 41 ] Islamic custom holds that Gabriel was sent to numerous pre-Islamic prophets with revelation and divine injunctions, including Adam, whom Muslims believe was consoled by Gabriel some time after the Fall, besides. [ 42 ] He is known by many names in Islam, such as “ custodian of holiness. ” [ 43 ] Though alternate theories exist, whether the occurrence of the Holy Spirit in the Quran refers to Gabriel or not, remains an exit of scholarly argue. In the Quran, Gabriel appears named in 2:97 and 66:4, deoxyadenosine monophosphate well as in 2:98, where he is mentioned along with Michael ( Mīkāʾīl ). Muslims besides idolize Gabriel for a count of diachronic events predating the first revelation, found in the Quran. Muslims believe that Gabriel was the saint who informed Zachariah ( Zakariyyā ) of John ‘s birth, ampere well as Mary ( Maryam ) of the future birth of Jesus ; [ 44 ] [ 45 ] and that Gabriel was one of three angels who had earlier informed Abraham ( ʾIbrāhīm ) of the birth of Isaac ( ʾIsḥāq ) [ 51:24-30 ]. [ 46 ] Gabriel besides makes a celebrated appearance in the Hadith of Gabriel, in which he questions Muhammad on the core tenets of Islam. Islamic text and other apocryphal works of literature outside the Bible depict the Angel Gabriel ‘s function as a celestial warrior. [ 47 ] however, a clear distinction between Enochian and Qur’anic references to the Angel Gabriel is that the former does not designate the Angel Gabriel as the Holy Spirit in 1 Enoch, which has the Angel Gabriel defeating the nephilim. [ 48 ] Accordingly, in Islam, Gabriel helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries significantly during the Battle of Badr and against a monster ( ʻifrīt ) during the Mi’raj. [ 49 ] [ 50 ] He further encouraged Muhammad to engage war and attack the jewish kin of Banu Qurayza. [ 48 ]

art, entertainment, and media [edit ]

Angels are described as pure spirits. [ 51 ] [ 52 ] The miss of a specify form allows artists wide latitude in depicting them. [ 53 ] Amelia R. Brown draw comparisons in Byzantine iconography between portrayals of angels and the conventions used to depict court eunuch. chiefly from the Caucasus, they tended to have ignite eyes, haircloth, and skin ; and those “ castrated in childhood developed a distinctive bony structure, lacked entire masculine muscular structure, body hair and beards …. ” As officials, they would wear a white tunic decorated with aureate. Brown suggests that “ Byzantine artists drew, consciously or not, on this iconography of the court eunuch. ” [ 54 ] Some late popular works on angels consider Gabriel to be female or androgynous. [ 55 ] [ 56 ]

Gabriel sculptures [edit ]

Archangel Gabriel Millennium Monument at Heroes ‘ Square in Budapest
Archangel Gabriel in the church of St. Georg in Bermatingen
Archangel Gabriel in the church service of St. Magnus in Waldburg
Archangel Gabriel at the facade of the Cathedral of Reims
Archangel Gabriel at the Liberty square, Budapest

Festivals [edit ]

Baltimore’s “Little Italy” has for over 80 years hosted an annual “end of summer” St. Gabriel Festival that features a procession with a statue of the saint carried through the streets.[57][58]

movie [edit ]

Games [edit ]

2005: Spanish role-playing game Anima: Beyond Fantasy – Gabriel is as the humans know one of the seven “Beryls” (godlike beings of light) and is identified with the archangel of the same name. She has associated love, friendship, arts, and peace.
In the Japanese role-playing game Shin Megami Tensei – Gabriel is one of the Demons the player can summon to assist in battle.
In the video game El Shaddai: Ascension of the Metatron, based on the Book of Enoch, Gabriel is featured alongside Michael, Raphael, and Uriel as a guide for Enoch on his quest. All four archangels take the form of swans while on Earth. Gabriel is depicted as female in this interpretation and implied to be an angel of wisdom. She is associated with the Veil weapon Enoch uses.
In Ultrakill, a retro first-person shooter, Gabriel is featured as one of the bosses and a primary story character.

literature [edit ]

music [edit ]

“ equitable ampere sure as we ‘re living, just a indisputable as we ‘re hold
Look up, look up – seek your Maker – ‘fore Gabriel blows his horn .

“Blow Your Trumpets Gabriel” by Polish black metal band Behemoth.
The 1996 garage/house song “Gabriel” by Roy Davies Jnr (featuring vocals from Peven Everett) is about the archangel Gabriel. In the chorus, Everett can be heard singing “Gabriel play” in reference to Gabriel’s trumpet. A trumpet is also heard in the song right after this line is sung.

ocular art [edit ]

See also Gabriel gallery in Commons.

Annunciation (c. 1472–1475) Detail of Gabriel from Leonardo da Vinci ‘s ( c. 1472–1475 ) Daniel 8 :15 describes Gabriel as appearing in the “ likeness of man ” and in Daniel 9 :21 he is referred to as “ the man Gabriel. ” David Everson observes that “ such anthropomorphic descriptions of an angel are coherent with former … descriptions of angels, ” as in Genesis 19 :5. [ 14 ] Gabriel is most much portrayed in the context of scenes of the Annunciation. In 2008 a 16th-century draw by Lucas van Leyden of the Netherlands was discovered. George R. Goldner, president of the department of prints and drawings at New York ‘s Metropolitan Museum of Art, suggested that the sketch was for a stain glass window. “ The fact that the archangel is an ordinary-looking person and not an idealized son is distinctive of the artist ”, said Goldner. [ 61 ] In chronological orderliness ( to see each detail, follow the radio link in the annotate ) : [ 62 ]
The military order of Saint Gabriel was established to recognize “ individuals who have made significant contributions to the U.S. Army Public Affairs community and exercise. ” The medallion depicts St. Gabriel sounding a trumpet, while the obverse displays the Army Public Affairs emblem. [ 63 ]