Football league
The Regionalliga ( german pronunciation : [ ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌliːɡa ] ) is the fourthly tier in the german football league system. Until 1974, it was the second gear tier in Germany. In 1994, it was introduced as the third base tier. Upon the universe of the new nationally 3. Liga in 2008, it became the fourth tier. While all of the clubs in the peak three divisions of german football are professional, the Regionalliga has a concoction of professional and semi-professional clubs.
Reading: Regionalliga
history of the Regionalligas [edit ]
From the introduction of the Bundesliga in 1963 until the formation of the 2. Bundesliga in 1974, there were five Regionalligas, forming the second grade of german football :
The champions and runner-up of the respective divisions played out two promotion spots to the Bundesliga in two groups after the end of the season. In 1974, the two 2. Bundesligas, Süd and Nord became the moment tier of german Football and the Regionalligas ceased existing for the following 20 years .
In 1994, the Regionalligas were reintroduce, this clock time as the third tier of german Football. There were initially four Regionalligas :
- Regionalliga Süd, (covering the states of Bavaria, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg)
- Regionalliga West/Südwest, (covering the states of Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland and North Rhine-Westphalia)
- Regionalliga Nord, (covering the states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen and Hamburg)
- Regionalliga Nordost, (covering the states of Brandenburg, Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia and Saxony; i.e. the former GDR and the city of Berlin)
between 1994 and 2000, promotion to the 2. Bundesliga was regulated without much continuity. It was a baffling predominate, as becoming champion of a division did not automatically base promotion for that team. The champions of the South and West/Southwest divisions were automatically promoted, however, along with one of the two runner-up. The champions of the North and Northeast divisions had a play-off to decide who would get the fourth promotion blot. This rule was justified because there are more clubs in the southerly part of Germany than the north. In 1998, the promotion govern was changed again : the winner of the play-off between the North and Northeast division champions was promoted, while the loser faced the runner-up from the West/Southwest and South divisions in another play-off for the remaining forwarding spot .
In 2000 the issue of Regionalligas was reduced to two :
The new divisional alignment was not bound to certain states any more so team were moved between the divisions in order to balance baseball club numbers. This led to some clubs in the Southern class being geographically further north than some northerly clubs, and vice versa. The champions and the runner-up of both divisions were promoted to the 2. Bundesliga .
In 2008, the Regionalliga was demoted to become the fourth tier of football in Germany after the introduction of a raw countrywide 3. Liga. however, there was an expansion to three divisions : [ 1 ]
- Regionalliga Nord, (covering the states of Brandenburg, Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Saxony, Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen and Hamburg)
- Regionalliga Süd, (covering the states of Bavaria, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg)
- Regionalliga West, (covering the states of Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland and North Rhine-Westphalia)
“ Covering ” mean that the single divisions were per annum re-aligned to geographic localization by a DFB committee in order to have 18 teams assigned to each division every class. This led to teams assigned to a division other than their geographic one. An model for this is BV Cloppenburg, who was assigned to the westerly division for the 2008–09 season despite being located in Lower Saxony .
In October 2010, yet another reform of the Regionalligas was decided upon, with the number of leagues expanding to five and beginning dally in the 2012–13 season. Under this fresh format, the honest-to-god Regionalliga Nordost would be re-established and the raw Regionalliga Südwest and Regionalliga Bayern would be created. The Südwest would take clubs from the southern helping of the Regionalliga West and besides everything from the Regionallia Süd outside of Bavaria. It was besides decided to limit the number of modesty teams per Regionalliga to seven. [ 2 ] The five league champions and the runner-up of the Regionalliga Südwest play-off for the three forwarding spots in a home-and-away series. The new leagues consisted of up to 22 clubs in their inaugural seasons but were reduced to between 16 and 18 clubs. The Regionalligas will not be administrated by the DFB but rather by the regional football associations. In regards to reserve teams, initially only seven were permitted per league, however, this predominate may be topic to change under certain circumstances. Reserve sides of 3. Liga teams are not permitted in the Regionalliga. [ 3 ] The reorganization of the Regionalligas so soon after the final changes in 2008 became necessary because of a large total of insolvencies. These were caused by a lack of media pastime in the leagues combined with big expenses and infrastructure demands. The five Regionalligas from 2012 are : [ 3 ]
- Regionalliga Nord, (covering the states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen and Hamburg)
- Regionalliga Nordost, (covering the states of Brandenburg, Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia and Saxony)
- Regionalliga West, (covering the state of North Rhine-Westphalia)
- Regionalliga Südwest, (covering the states of Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg)
- Regionalliga Bayern, (covering the state of Bavaria)
Some regional football associations besides made changes to the league system below the Regionalliga in their area. From the 2012–13 season, the Bavarian Football Association split the Bayernliga into a northerly and a southerly division, and increased the numeral of Landesligas from three to five. [ 4 ]
Changes to promotion rules from 2018 [edit ]
At the 96th DFB-Bundestag in December 2017, delegates decided to change the promotion rules and, without success, reduce the number of leagues to four. To achieve this, a irregular solution was put into place for the 2018–19 and 2019–20 seasons. Four teams will be promoted and there will be three guarantee forwarding places from the champions of the five regional leagues. The champion of the southwest league, which is giving up its second playoff invest, will be promoted automatically in the future two seasons. additionally there will be two teams promoted from the early four regional leagues. In the 2018–19 temper, the champion of the northeastern league will besides be promoted directly. The winner of the third guarantee promotion place will be decided by the absorb of lots. The remaining two regional league champions of the 2018–19 season will face off in a two-legged playoff determining the fourthly promotion locate. The two regional leagues whose teams took separate in the playoff mechanically had promotion places for the 2019–20 temper. As a result, the third division has had four delegating places. [ 5 ] At the 97th DFB-Bundestag in 2019, a working group under DFB vice-president Peter Frymuth unsuccessfully proposed a organization involving four rather than five regional leagues. [ 5 ] alternatively, the delegates reformed the promotion scheme from the 2020–21 temper, in which there will continue to be four promotions to the 3. Liga. The Regionalliga West and Southwest each provide a fixed direct forwarding. Another direct promotion put will be assigned according to a rotation principle among the Regionalliga Nord, Nordost and Bayern champions. The representatives from the remaining two Regionalligen will determine the fourth promote club in two-legged playoffs. [ 6 ]
Maps [edit ]
The history and growth of the Regionalligas in maps :
The Regionalligas from 1963 to 1974 .
The Regionalligas from 1994 to 2000 .
The Regionalligas from 2000 to 2008 .
The Regionalligas from 2008 to 2012.
Read more: France national football team
The Regionalligas from 2012 onwards .
League apparatus [edit ]
Licensing [edit ]
A club that wants to play in the Regionalliga must meet two conditions. First, the team must qualify for the league. Second, the club must obtain a license from the DFB. This license is granted if the club can prove that they are financially sound, that their stadium conforms to the security regulations, and that they have a working youth section .
promotion [edit ]
The champions of three divisions are automatically promoted ; the remaining two take part in the forwarding round to the 3. Liga at the end of the season for the one-fourth promotion. Reserve teams will besides be eligible for forwarding unless the respective first team is playing in the 3. Liga .
relegation [edit ]
At least the bottom two teams of each division are demoted to their respective Oberliga. In the Regionalliga Nord, the fourth-to-last team will besides be demoted if it loses a play-off against the Oberliga Niedersachsen runner-up. The third-to-last team will participate in the play-off if the Nord supporter is promoted and no team relegated from the 3. Liga is from the north. The actual number of teams relegated from every part depends on the number of relegations from the 3. Liga and promotions from the Oberliga. As clubs in the Regionalliga must have their teams licensed by the DFB on a per-season basis, a team may besides be relegated by having its license revoked or by going into administration. Reserve teams are besides relegated when the respective first team is relegated to the 3. Liga .
police squad rules [edit ]
Matchday squads in the Regionalliga must include at least six players of german nationality and under the age of 24, two under the age of 21, and a utmost of three non-EU players .
Champions [edit ]
References [edit ]
Read more: Adam Johnson (footballer)