Linda Marie McMahon ( née Edwards ; October 4, 1948 ) is an american political executive, early Trump administration official, and early professional wrestling executive and performer. She served as the twenty-fifth administrator of the Small Business Administration from 2017 to 2019. McMahon, along with her conserve, Vince McMahon, founded sports entertainment company Titan Sports, Inc. ( today WWE ) where she worked as the president and late CEO from 1980 to 2009. During this time, the company grew from a small regional clientele in the northeastern to a large multinational corporation. Among other things, she initiated the company ‘s civic programs, Get REAL and Smackdown Your Vote. She gave occasional on-screen performances, most notably in a feud with her husband that culminated at WrestleMania X-Seven.
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In 2009, McMahon left the WWE to run for a seat in the United States Senate from Connecticut as a Republican, but lost to Democrat Richard Blumenthal in the general election of 2010. She was the republican campaigner for Connecticut ‘s early Senate seat in the 2012 subspecies, but lost to Democrat Chris Murphy. On December 7, 2016, Donald Trump ( president-elect at the time ) announced that he would nominate McMahon to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration. The Senate confirmation hearing began on January 24, 2017, and on February 1, her nomination was approved by the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship with an 18–1 vote and confirmed by the broad Senate on February 14, by a vote of 81–19. On March 29, 2019, the Trump administration announced McMahon would step down as the administrator of the Small Business Administration to assume new responsibilities within President Trump ‘s reelection crusade, and the resignation took effect on April 12. On April 15, she was named president of America First Action, a pro-Trump Super PAC .
early life [edit ]
McMahon was born Linda Marie Edwards [ 1 ] in New Bern, North Carolina, the daughter of Evelyn and Henry Edwards. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] She was an only child and grew up as a “ tomboy “ playing basketball and baseball. [ 4 ] Her parents were both employees at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, a military al-qaeda. She grew up in a conservative Baptist syndicate, but converted to Roman Catholicism in her late years. [ 5 ] Linda M. Edwards, at the old age of 13, met Vince McMahon, then senesce 16. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Her mother worked in the lapp build as McMahon ‘s beget, but they had not met. Vince ‘s mother became dependable friends with the Edwards class, and Vince, who had lived with several abusive stepfathers, enjoyed the feel of constancy that he felt at their home plate. [ 3 ] Edwards and McMahon dated throughout their high school years ; she attended Havelock High School [ 8 ] and he attended Fishburne Military School in Virginia. During this prison term, Vince was a “ permanent regular ” at her home, [ 9 ] and exhausted hours with Linda and her syndicate. He attended East Carolina University, studying business presidency. Edwards was an award student in high school and aspired to become a baby doctor. [ 10 ] soon after her high school graduation, Vince asked her to marry him. They married on August 26, 1966, when she was 17. [ 6 ] [ 11 ] She enrolled at East Carolina University in 1966, where she obtained a bachelor ‘s degree in French, and documentation to teach. [ 12 ] From 1968 to 1971, Vince worked as a traveling cup salesman before joining his father ‘s company, the World Wide Wrestling Federation ( WWWF, now WWE ). [ 13 ] Linda finished college in three years so she could graduate with Vince. Their son Shane was born in 1970, followed by daughter Stephanie in 1976 .
early career [edit ]
In 1969, the McMahons moved to Gaithersburg, Maryland. McMahon worked as a receptionist at the corporate law tauten of Covington & Burling ; she translated french documents, trained as a paralegal in the probate department, and studied intellectual property rights. [ 14 ] [ 2 ] financially, the pair fared ailing for respective years, and in 1976, while meaning with Stephanie, McMahon and her conserve filed for bankruptcy. They briefly received food stamps [ 15 ] until her husband took on a 90-hour-a-week job at a prey. [ 16 ] By 1979, Vince decided to start his own wrestle company. He purchased the Cape Cod Coliseum in Massachusetts and founded Titan Sports, Inc. in 1980. The McMahons held little field hockey and early sporting events in addition to wrestle at the Cape Cod Coliseum. At one point, Linda cooked meatball sandwiches to feed the fans at these sporting events. [ 17 ] As the company grew, Linda assisted Vince with administration and used her cognition of intellectual property law to assist in brand protection for the company. During a lot of those early years, she had little sake in professional wrestle. [ 18 ] In 1982, Vince McMahon purchased Capitol Wrestling, good known as the parent company of the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ), from his beget. He later expanded his grocery store by airing WWF shows on home television. In 1983, the McMahons moved to Greenwich, Connecticut. They have six grandchildren. [ 19 ]
World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment [edit ]
corporate [edit ]
The McMahons founded Titan Sports, Inc. in 1980. [ 20 ] many workers in the company referred to her as the “ co-chief executive ”. [ 21 ] McMahon became president in 1993 and CEO of the ship’s company in 1997. [ 22 ] The company ‘s explosive growth and the way it transformed the writhe industry caused some observers to label her and Vince “ clientele geniuses ”. [ 23 ] One of her major interests in WWF and WWE was product trade. [ 24 ] She negotiated many of the ship’s company ‘s business deals with outdoor vendors and established the company ‘s first line of action figures, Wrestling Superstars, in 1984. [ 25 ] It was a first in the wrestle industry and helped expand the party ‘s popularity with children. In more recent years, she was the primary negotiator for the World Wrestling Federation ‘s 2000 television receiver softwood with Viacom. [ 25 ] During an interview with The Detroit News, when asked what it was like being CEO in a “ testosterone -charged industry, ” McMahon replied, “ It ‘s lots of fun. I ‘m an only child, so I grew up as my don ‘s son and mother ‘s daughter. I was quite a athlete. I played baseball, basketball—I think that setting made Vince and I very compatible. I very have a very good understanding of the male psyche—I ‘m very comfortable in a guy environment. I have to say that there are very strong women in this company deoxyadenosine monophosphate well. Our human resources division and our consumer goods class are headed by women—It ‘s still a testosterone clientele, and I like it. ” [ 6 ] On September 16, 2009, Linda McMahon resigned from her military position as CEO of WWE and left WWE to run as a Republican for a seat in the United States Senate from Connecticut. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] [ 28 ] however, she hush remains a minority owner of WWE. [ 29 ]
McMahon ‘s memo to Pat Patterson [edit ]
In a 1989 memo to the party ‘s vice president, Pat Patterson, McMahon directed Patterson to fire on-call doctor George Zahorian and inform him of at hand legal charges charging him with steroid hormone distribution. [ 30 ]
Although you and I discussed before about continuing to have Zahorian at our events as the doctor on call, I think that is now not a good estimate. Vince agreed, and would like for you to call Zahorian and to tell him not to come to any more of our events and to besides clue him in on any legal action that the Justice Department is thinking of taking .Linda McMahon, December 1989 memo[31]
This memo became know publicly as the “ tip-off Memo ” during her campaign for Senate in 2010. [ 32 ] It became a political liability used against her in both the nomination and general election campaigns. [ 33 ] [ 34 ]
federal steroids probe ( 2007–2009 ) [edit ]
Following the murder-suicide of Chris Benoit in 2007, the Oversight and Government Reform Committee investigated steroid usage in the wrestle industry. [ 35 ] The Committee investigated WWE and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ( TNA ), asking for documentation of their companies ‘ drug policies. The McMahons both testified. The documents stated that 75 wrestlers—roughly 40 percent—had tested convinced for drug use since 2006, most normally for steroids. [ 36 ] [ 37 ] McMahon was asked why there had been no follow-up during a televised interview with CBS Face the State on January 20, 2010 and responded : “ There ‘s not been any follow-up from any of the inquiries that were made because I believe we had furnished thousands of documents and testimony for them, and I think if they looked at our policy and actually delved into it, they would be very satisfy. ” [ 38 ]
PG denounce [edit ]
Chair shots to the head were discontinued by the WWE as a result to prevent future concussions. In July 2008, WWE changed its television parental guidelines denounce from TV-14 to TV-PG. In December 2008, at a UBS Media Conference, McMahon described the new rat as a market strategy to attract a new generation of wrestling fans and create loyalty to the stigmatize. Due to the TV-PG rate, moderate shots to the head were banned, american samoa well as arouse scenes, blood, and common terminology. [ 39 ] [ 40 ]
company bequest [edit ]
During the 1980s, the WWF successfully overcame considerable opposition and some media ridicule in lobbying for deregulation in Connecticut, Delaware, Michigan, [ 41 ] New Jersey, [ 42 ] [ 43 ] [ 44 ] California, [ 45 ] [ 46 ] Florida, Pennsylvania, [ 47 ] and Texas. [ 48 ] By 2000, fewer than half of the 50 states had acrobatic regulations on the writhe industry. [ 49 ] Following common practice in professional sports, WWE classifies its wrestlers as freelancer contractors preferably than employees. The classification allowed the company to avoid paying Social Security, Medicare and unemployment policy for wrestlers. McMahon stated the WWE wrestlers had lucrative contracts, merchandising deals, royalty payments, and appearance fees. [ 50 ] She noted that many of the wrestlers had agents and considered them to be on par with “ singers, golfers, or tennis players ”. The company offered seminars to help wrestlers select health insurance plans. [ 51 ] Under McMahon ‘s tenure, WWE became one of the largest recipients of special tax credits for film and television production granted by the submit of Connecticut. [ 52 ] [ 53 ] During her 2010 campaign, Blumenthal ‘s campaign criticized her and WWE for accepting the tax credits while laying off workers in 2009. [ 54 ]
On-screen roles [edit ]
McMahon much referred to the creative side of WWE as Vince ‘s forte, stating that she was primarily in the management team, although she appeared in several storylines. [ 55 ] McMahon debuted on WWF television during the Corporate Ministry storyline, on the May 3, 1999, episode of Raw. During an interview with Fox News, she said that she often did not know what the storylines were in advance and watch events unfold as the general populace did. [ 55 ]
charitable bring [edit ]
Through WWE, the McMahons were major donors to The Donald J. Trump Foundation, giving $ 4 million in 2007 and $ 5 million in 2009. [ 56 ] The McMahons donated over $ 8 million in 2008 to the Fishburne Military School, Sacred Heart University, and East Carolina University. Nonprofit Quarterly noted the majority of the McMahons ‘ donations were towards capital expenditures. [ 57 ] In 2006, they paid $ 2.5 million for structure of a tennis facility in Ebensburg, Pennsylvania. As of 2010, she served on the circuit board of the Close Up Foundation, a nonprofit organization which offers youth field trips to Washington, D.C. [ 57 ]
Get R.E.A.L . [edit ]
McMahon launched the company ‘s Get R.E.A.L. broadcast to deliver plus messages about education to young adults. The platform encouraged literacy through populace service announcements, posters, and bookmarks featuring wrestling superstars. In 2000, the American Library Association reported the WWF ‘s Know Your Role poster was its highest-selling bill poster for two square months. [ 58 ] Since 2006, thousands of posters featuring WWE superstars have been distributed to libraries and reading facilities. [ 59 ]
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SmackDown ! Your right to vote campaign [edit ]
McMahon initiated WWE ‘s non-partisan voter registration political campaign, “ SmackDown ! Your vote ”, in August 2000. [ 60 ] The campaign targeted the 18-to-30 voter demographic, and made use of on-line selling, public serve announcements, [ 61 ] and youth vote partnerships. [ 62 ] The campaign, which registered 150,000 modern voters during the 2000 election, [ 63 ] was started in coalition with MTV ‘s Choose or Lose, Project Vote Smart, and Youth Vote 2000. [ 64 ] As of the 2008 election, it listed 14 voter registration partner organizations. [ 65 ] During the 2008 presidential election, Smackdown your vote ! registered many voters online, often in affiliation with Rock the Vote .
special Olympics [edit ]
The McMahons began supporting the particular Olympics in 1986. McMahon first base developed an interest in the Olympics from her friendship with NBC producer Dick Ebersol and Susan Saint James, who encouraged them to participate in the mid-1980s. [ 1 ] She met Lowell Weicker, whose son is developmentally-disabled, through the special Olympics. In 1995, as Connecticut Governor, Weicker appointed Linda McMahon to the Governor ‘s Council for the World Special Olympics. [ 66 ]
Achievements [edit ]
McMahon became a member of the dining table of trustees of Sacred Heart University in Fairfield, Connecticut in November 2004. [ 67 ] She supported many organizations, including the USO, the Make-A-Wish Foundation, the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation, the Starlight Foundation, and Community Mayors. [ 68 ] In 2005, she won appointment to The Make-A-Wish Foundation of America National Advisory Council and received the Arthur M. Sackler Award from the Connecticut Grand Opera and Orchestra for WWE ‘s support of its arts education program. [ 68 ] On January 29, 2007, Multichannel News named McMahon to its class of “ Wonder Women ” for 2007. [ 68 ] The prize recognized her outstanding contributions to the cable and telecommunications industries. [ 68 ] In May 2007, she appeared as the keynote speaker at the Girl Scout Council of Southwestern Connecticut ‘s Women of Achievement Leadership Breakfast. [ 69 ] McMahon was a Girl Scout. [ 69 ] Under her leadership, WWE was the recipient of the USO of Metropolitan Washington ‘s first always “ Legacy of Hope ” prize for its extensive defend of U.S. troops and the USO ‘s Operation Care Package program. In 2007, the company received the Secretary of Defense Exceptional Public Service Award for its accompaniment of deploy service members in Iraq and Afghanistan. In 2008, the caller received the GI Film Festival ‘s Corporate Patriot Award. [ 70 ] On April 13, 2012, Sacred Heart University formally dedicated and opened the Linda E. McMahon Commons Building on its independent campus in Fairfield, Connecticut. [ 71 ] [ 72 ]
political career [edit ]
Connecticut Board of Education [edit ]
McMahon was appointed to the State Board of Education by Governor Jodi Rell in January 2009. [ 67 ] [ 73 ] She went through a confirmation march in the Connecticut State Assembly where she was questioned on her record as CEO of WWE. [ 59 ] The State Senate approved her nomination by a vote of 34–1 and the House by 96–45 with some opponents expressing concerns that the nature of her WWE activities would send the amiss message. State representative Bruce Morris claimed she lacked “ depth of cognition regarding education ”. however, country representative John Hetherington said it “ would be dear to have person outside the institution on the board ”. [ 74 ] [ 75 ] On April 1, 2010, McMahon resigned from the State Board of Education, because country law does not allow board members to solicit crusade contributions. [ 76 ]
2010 U.S. Senate campaign [edit ]
On September 16, 2009, McMahon announced her campaigning for U.S. Senator to represent the country of Connecticut. She announced she would spend up to $ 50 million of her own money to finance her crusade and refused outdoor donations, the third most ever spent on a senatorial campaign. [ 77 ] [ 78 ] She ran for the Republican nomination, campaigning on promises of lower taxes, fiscal conservatism, and job creation. She campaigned as socially moderate, and identified herself as pro-choice while besides opposing partial-birth abortion and federal financing for abortions. [ 79 ] [ 80 ] [ 81 ] Her mail, radio receiver, television, and Internet advertisements quickly gained name recognition and potent poll numbers over her opponents. McMahon ‘s spend became a key argument of one of her rivals, early Congressman Rob Simmons, who accused her of “ buying the election ”. McMahon and Simmons engaged in a frequently bitter contest. At the party convention, McMahon received the most support, but Simmons received enough votes to qualify for the ballot for the August 10 elementary, although he was not actively campaigning. In late July—two weeks before the primary—Simmons relaunched his campaign by airing ads on television receiver reminding voters that his name would be on the ballot, participating in debates, and accepting interviews with editorial boards. [ 82 ] A third candidate, Peter Schiff, qualified for the vote by submitting petition signatures. McMahon defeated her opponents and faced Richard Blumenthal in the general election, losing by 11 %. [ 83 ]
2012 U.S. Senate campaign [edit ]
immediately after her loss to Blumenthal, McMahon hinted she would run again for Senate in 2012. [ 84 ] McMahon maintained a high profile following the election, running television ads, [ 85 ] crusade for politicians, and making frequent media appearances. [ 86 ] When Joe Lieberman announced he would retire from the U.S. Senate, she became the Republican Party favored for the 2012 election. [ 87 ] On September 20, 2011 in Southington, Connecticut, McMahon officially announced her campaigning. [ 88 ] On May 18, 2012, McMahon earned the second of the state Republican Party at the Connecticut State Republican Convention by a delegate vote of 658 to 351 over the next-highest candidate, former congressman Chris Shays. The two were the only candidates to qualify for the primary, which took place on August 14, 2012. McMahon defeated Shays by a three-to-one margin, spending $ 15.7 million of her money on the campaign. [ 89 ] [ 90 ] [ 91 ] She lost to democratic U.S. Representative Chris Murphy in the general election, marking her second base consecutive defeat. [ 92 ] [ 93 ]
political contributions [edit ]
Following her election defeats, McMahon committed herself to becoming a major Republican fundraiser and donor. She donated to groups such as american Crossroads and Ending Spending Fund, and associated with boyfriend mega donor Paul Singer. [ 94 ] As the 2016 Republican nomination process began to gear up in early 2015, McMahon, Singer, and Charles R. Schwab were among donors and prospective-candidate representatives who attended a daylong converge near Jackson, Wyoming, that was hosted by TD Ameritrade fall through Joe Ricketts and his son Todd, and featured “ several Republican donors who favor [ erectile dysfunction ] same-sex marriage and immigration reform “. [ 95 ] After Donald Trump made an appearance at WrestleMania 23 in 2007, the McMahons donated $ 5 million to the Donald J. Trump Foundation in addition to the requital for the appearance. [ 96 ] In 2016, McMahon donated $ 6 million to Rebuilding America nowadays, a Super PAC with the aim of electing Donald Trump as US president of the united states, and in 2015 and 2016 combined, $ 1.2 million to Future 45, a Super PAC which funded anti- Bernie Sanders advertisements. [ 97 ] [ 98 ]
Small Business Administration [edit ]
On December 7, 2016, President-elect Donald Trump announced that he would nominate McMahon to be the administrator of the Small Business Administration ( SBA ). [ 99 ]
With her pending nominating speech to become administrator of the SBA, examen of McMahon ‘s record in readiness for her facing United States Senate confirmation began. In December she received media attention including from The Wall Street Journal, which noted that “ [ a ] south part of her 2012 campaign, [ the campaigner ‘s ] economic design called for getting rid of ‘outdated/ineffective and duplicative programs, ‘ and expressed hold for a 2012 proposal by President Barack Obama to merge the SBA, the Commerce Department ‘s core functions and four other entities into one unit ”. The fusion proposal, which did not proceed far toward approval at the time, would have eliminated the Cabinet-level post to which McMahon was nominated. [ 100 ] The Connecticut Post of Bridgeport, Connecticut, examined issues of potential conflicts of interest from remaining WWE stock holdings and other fiscal assets, deoxyadenosine monophosphate well as of the kinship between WWE and smaller businesses in the wrestling earth, with critics and supporters cited. [ 101 ] The Hill provided a venue for two industry representatives to specify how they hoped McMahon would reform the means she ‘d been tapped to lead. [ 102 ] The Senate confirmation hear began on January 24, 2017 ; [ 103 ] [ 104 ] her nomination was approved by the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship on February 1, 2017, with an 18–1 right to vote, [ 105 ] and confirmed by the full Senate on February 14, 2017, by a vote of 81–19. [ 106 ] She was officially sworn in as administrator of the SBA on February 14, 2017. [ 106 ] On June 17, 2017, in an interview with CNBC, McMahon stated in her character as administrator of SBA that she is “ [ fifty ] earning how to develop commercial enterprise plans, how to grow, how to pitch [ one ‘s ] business when [ one is ] trying to get investors, or to move into a different market and those are aspects of SBA that are not arsenic well known ”, [ 107 ] as the main goals of the SBA are capital, counseling, contracts and disaster respite. She besides stated that the goals were being challenged, as the agency faced a five percentage budget cut and future restructure. “ What we have done is look inside SBA, and what I have found is there are some duplicative programs that we are going to be merging. ” [ 107 ]
McMahon and President Donald Trump give remarks on her kickoff, March 29, 2019 late in 2017, she visited 68 cities to hear from humble clientele owners and to support the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 backed by President Trump. [ 108 ] On McMahon ‘s first year anniversary as head of the SBA, on January 29, 2018, The Washington Post said the SBA ‘s progress under McMahon had been “ therefore far, thus good ” and credited her with improving the SBA ‘s offices ‘ hand brake call centers in the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey, hiring an extra 3,000 people to work them, and revamping the administration ‘s on-line presence. [ 109 ] On March 29, 2019, three sources close to McMahon told Politico that she would depart from the SBA to chair America First Action, a pro-Trump Super PAC, [ 110 ] which was confirmed former that good afternoon in a joint press conference at Trump ‘s Mar-a-Lago, where it was officially announced by the Trump administration that McMahon would be stepping down as the head of the SBA. [ 111 ] [ 112 ] [ 113 ] The resignation took impression on April 12, 2019. [ 114 ]
Campaign finance [edit ]
Since leaving function as head of the Small Business Administration, McMahon has served as president of America First Action, a pro-Trump Super PAC. [ 113 ] The arrangement helped raise $ 83 million for Donald Trump ‘s reelection campaign in 2020. [ 115 ] McMahon besides serves as president of the board for America First Policy Institute, along with Vice Chair Larry Kudlow, early director of the National Economic Council under Trump and Fox Business host. [ 116 ]
electoral history [edit ]
- Primary
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total votes | 122,321 | 100 | ||
Note: Blumenthal besides appeared on the line of the Connecticut Working Families Party and received 30,836 votes on it. His Working Families and democratic votes have been aggregated in concert on this table .
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total votes | 114,718 | 100 | ||
Note: Murphy besides appeared on the production line of the Connecticut Working Families Party and received 37,553 votes on it. His Working Families and democratic votes have been aggregated together on this mesa .
References [edit ]
far reading [edit ]
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