Nelson is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of 29,135 in 2011. It is 4 miles ( 6.4 kilometer ) north of Burnley and 2.5 miles southwest of Colne. Nelson is besides near the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. It developed as a mill town during the Industrial Revolution, but has nowadays lost much of its diligence and is characterised by some of the lowest house prices in the solid of the United Kingdom. [ 2 ]
Reading: Nelson, Lancashire
history [edit ]
An Iron Age hillfort called Castercliff is on a mound to the east of the township. The mod township spans the two parts of the township of Marsden in the ancient parish of Whalley. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Little Marsden was on the southwest of Walverden Water, its lands considered contribution of the manor of Ightenhill and Great Marsden to the northeast, part of the manor of Colne. [ 6 ] Great Marsden included the southerly parts of Colne, [ a ] and Little Marsden included all of contemporary Brierfield. [ 6 ] Walverden Water joins Pendle Water next to Nelson & Colne College, with that river forming the boundary of the Forest of Pendle. Both the manors and forest were parts of the Honour of Clitheroe. The lord of Clitheroe had a mill on the river in 1311, thought to have been sited near the confluence with Clough Head Beck, where Scholefield Mill now stands. There is besides attest of an ancient wax mill further upstream. A small chapel is thought to have been built during the reign of Henry VIII on the site of St Paul ‘s Church. The afforest of Pendle was made celebrated by the Pendle hex trials of 1612. One of the accused in the less long-familiar hag trials of 1634, Margaret Johnson, confessed that she inaugural met her familiar in Marsden. A belittled grind had been established by the Ecroyd syndicate at Edge End adenine early as 1740, [ 7 ] and they started Lomeshaye Mill as a water-powered spin factory in 1780. [ 8 ] The coming of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in 1796, followed by the East Lancashire Railway Line in 1849, [ 9 ] spurred its growth as an industrial town, with an economy based chiefly upon cotton weave. The first Ordnance Survey map of the area, published in 1848, shows three small villages : Marsden ( around St Paul ‘s ), and Hebson and Bradley, both on Walverden Water in the contemporary center of town. besides apparent are the estates of Marsden Hall to the east and Carr Hall across Pendle Water to the northwest, [ 6 ] arsenic well as the turnpike roads of the Marsden, Gisburn and Long Preston trust ( Scotland Road ) heading north, and the Blackburn, Addingham and Cocking End trust ( Manchester Road ) heading east. [ 6 ] Brierfield railway place was originally called Marsden, and Nelson railroad track post was known as the Nelson Inn station, Great Marsden, after the adjacent populace house, the Lord Nelson Inn ( named after Admiral Lord Nelson ). As the villages developed into a town, the name Nelson was chosen to differentiate it from Marsden across the Pennines in the neighbor county of Yorkshire ( West Riding ). [ 10 ]
There was a worsted mill at Lomeshaye conclusion to a “ cotton factory ” and another cotton mill along the canal at Reedyford by 1848. [ 6 ] Walverden Mill in Leeds Road was built in 1850, [ 11 ] and it was soon followed by others. From 1862, Phoenix Foundry, the steam locomotive factory of William Roberts, stood at the locate of the shopping center ‘s car park, and has been called “ Nelson ‘s most significant mastermind site ”. By 1891, there were 57 cotton spinners and manufacturers listed in Nelson. The largest had 1,950 looms and the smallest only eight. [ 12 ] The cotton industry was the most authoritative in the town, and by 1910, more than 12,000 local anesthetic workers were members of the Nelson and District Power-Loom Weavers ‘ Association. [ 13 ] Nelson is considered part of the Burnley Coalfield. There is testify of old bell pits and surface mine at Swinden Clough and Castercliff, [ 8 ] and adenine early as 1465 there was a ailment of people unlawfully digging ember in the area. Clough Head Colliery, besides known as Town House Pit, was on Clough Head Beck on the eastern border of the town and it had a trouble oneself history. While under construction in 1845, an accident during assembly of the steam pumping locomotive resulted in the death of one actor. On 12 April 1850, six men were working in the stone when one man went to check for accelerator with a guard lamp, but before he had signalled it was safe, another man opened his lamp causing an explosion that killed them all. Another explosion in November 1856 resulted in two fatalities. A surface tramroad connected it to railway sidings at Bradley Lane Head. It is uncertain when the colliery closed, but it was possibly in the late 1880s. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] [ 6 ] The town became associated in the twentieth century with the production of confectionery, including Jelly Babies and Victory V, and it was where the package holiday company Airtours ( once Pendle Travel and now part of Thomas Cook ) began life as an independent travel agent. The textile diligence, in especial, has immediately sharply declined, leaving the township with low property prices and higher than average unemployment .
administration [edit ]
Nelson was granted its charter of incorporation as a municipal borough by Queen Victoria in 1890. [ 9 ] [ 16 ] Radical left wing politics in the early twentieth hundred led to it being labelled “ little Moscow “ by both the local and national press ; indeed, the Nelson Leader ran the headline “ Moscow calling ” during the lock-out of 1928. There was significant Communist Party influence in the town between the wars. When the Labour Party came to might in the township, they responded to local political feel by placing utilities such as gas and water under the control of the municipal council, anticipating by decades the nationalization of such utilities after World War II. The council refused, furthermore, to participate in celebrations for King George V ‘s silver jubilee in 1935, saying that they would preferably spend public money on free dinners for school children and the idle .
Under the local anesthetic Government Act 1972, the township became depart of the non-metropolitan zone of Pendle on 1 April 1974. initially forming part of an unparished sphere, a new Nelson civil parish was formed in 2008, covering a exchangeable area to the old municipal borough. [ 17 ] It presently has three tiers of local government, Lancashire County Council, Pendle Borough Council and a township council, with 24 councillors, which was elected for the first time on 1 May 2008. [ 18 ] Nelson Town Council and the wide Pendle Borough Council are situated at Nelson Town Hall on Market Square. After limit changes in 2020 which reduced the number of wards in the borough to 12, four cover parts of Nelson parish – Bradley, Brierfield East & Clover Hill, Marsden & Southfield and Whitefield & Walverden. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] Pendle Borough Council is presently under ‘No Overall Control ‘ and governed by a coalition of the Labour and Liberal Democrats, led by Councillor Mohammed Iqbal. The mayor is a ceremony post, rotated annually. Lancashire County Council was governed from 1994 to 2009 by Labour, at which orient it switched to Conservative command, then to no overall manipulate in 2013, and binding to Conservative in 2017. The township is represented on the council in three divisions : Brierfield & Nelson North, Nelson South, and Pendle Central. [ 21 ] The Member of Parliament for Pendle, the constituency into which the township falls, is Andrew Stephenson ( Conservative ), who was first elected in 2010 .
demography [edit ]
Nelson Central Mosque
Year
1911
1921
1931
1939
1951
1961
1971
2001
2011
Population
39,479
39,841
38,304
34,803
34,384
32,292
31,286
28,998
29,135
[16][22]
The United Kingdom Census 2011 showed a total resident population for Nelson civil parish of 29,135. [ 22 ] The town forms separate of the wide urban area, which had a population of 149,796 in 2001. [ 23 ] A like but larger, Burnley Built-up area defined in the 2011 census had a population of 149,422. [ 24 ] The racial musical composition of the township in 2011 was 57.8 % White ( 53.4 % White British ), 40.4 % asian, 0.1 % Black, 1.5 % Mixed and 0.2 % other. The largest religious groups are Christian ( 39.0 % ) and Muslim ( 37.6 % ). 59.9 % of adults between the ages of 16 and 74 are classed as economically active and in shape. [ 22 ]
economy [edit ]
The township center contains the largest number of high street multiples of any town in the Borough of Pendle. Stores presently include : Boots, Wilko, Specsavers, Home Bargains, Peacocks, Costa Coffee, Greggs, Post Office, and Martin McColl. [ citation needed ] The Pendle Rise Shopping Centre has been the focal point of the town center for over 50 years. It opened as the Arndale Centre in June 1967 [ 25 ] and was rebranded as the Admiral Shopping Centre before taking its current list. Nelson Market ( previously Admiral’s Market ) is a cover market below the Pendle Rise Shopping Centre. The Victory Centre opened on the locate of the early Salem Chapel in 1993. Of the 12 units only one remained occupied in 2017, by a branch of William Hill. The main road through the town center, pedestrianised in the early 1990s, was reopened to traffic in August 2011, to help boost deal. [ 26 ] In 2012, Nelson was among twelve english towns chosen to participate in the Portas Pilot Areas first step, receiving £100,000 to help rejuvenate the denounce area. [ 27 ] The largest business ballpark in the township is located at Lomeshaye, by Junction 12 of the M65. The original 15-hectare web site was designated as an Enterprise Zone on 7 December 1983. The estate presently occupies 53 hectares and is dwelling to over 80 businesses. Between them they employ approximately 4,000 people on the estate. A 31-hectare locate was taken out of the Green Belt when the Council ‘s new Local design was adopted in December 2015, in order to facilitate a far extension to the west and union. The Lomeshaye Business Village, a refurbish former cotton mill to the east of the estate of the realm, contains a foster 151 units, chiefly occupied by humble and medium-sized enterprises engaged in office and light industrial uses. [ citation needed ]
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transmit [edit ]
Nelson Interchange Nelson is served by Junction 13 of the M65 expressway, which runs west to Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn and Preston, and northeast to Colne. From the township center, the A56 runs southwest to the M65 at Brierfield and northeast to Colne and beyond, while the A682 – Britain ‘s most dangerous road [ 28 ] – heads union into the Yorkshire Dales. In November 1969, a multi-storey cable car park with quad for 350 cars was opened in Nelson. [ 29 ] The cable car parking lot was demolished in 2019 to make way for a McDonalds, but this distribute has since fallen through, leaving an empty lot. [ 30 ] In December 2008, the township ‘s new bus and rail interchange was opened at a site which used the existing railway station. [ 31 ] The new interchange facility price £4.5 million and included enhancements such as bicycle stands, taxi and car drop off facilities, electronic information displays, a direct radio link to the railway station including a passenger lift and an enclosed passenger concourse with 10 bus stands. [ 32 ] Rail services to and from Nelson are provided by Northern. The Interchange has an hourly barricade service 7 days a week west to Blackpool South via Blackburn and Preston, and east to Colne. The independent bus operator in Nelson is Burnley Bus Company, although Tyrer Bus, Boomerang and Holmeswood operate some services. National Express operates one coach service to London Victoria Coach Station each day from the Interchange. The town has good bus links into Burnley with peak hour services on to Manchester : X43 Witch Way service ( operated by Burnley Bus Company ) runs from Burnley and Rawtenstall to Manchester city centre, using a fleet of specially-branded bus buses with leather seats and WiFi. Some early on morning X43 journey to/from Manchester start and goal at Nelson alternatively of Burnley .
Sports [edit ]
The town is home to Nelson F.C., who were Football League members from 1921 until 1931 and played in the lower semi-professional leagues until resigning from the North West Counties League in 2010 ( returning in 2011 ), and to Nelson Cricket Club. Nelson F.C were the first English team to beat real Madrid, and did this in Spain. [ 33 ] Cricket was particularly popular in the town during the inter-war period, when the club enjoyed the services of Learie Constantine, the West indian cricketer ; when in 1969 Constantine became the first gear person of african lineage to be given a life sentence peerage, he chose to be gazetted as Baron Constantine, of Maraval in Trinidad and Tobago and of Nelson in the County Palatine of Lancaster. [ 34 ] Speedway race was staged at Seedhill Stadium from 1967 to 1970. The Nelson Admirals were founder members of the british League Division Two. ) The team belated moved embloc to Odsal Stadium, Bradford. The track was besides used for stock car racing. The town besides has two golf clubs, a municipal at Marsden Park and a individual club in Kings Causeway known just as Nelson Golf Club. besides in Nelson there is Nelson Archery Club and Nelson Wrestling Club which are clubs affiliated to the National Governing Bodies Archery GB and the british Wrestling Association respectively .
diversion [edit ]
Marsden Park The town is home to several parks the most luminary of which are Victoria Park and Marsden Park. The recently opened Arts, Culture and Enterprise Centre ( The ACE Centre ) [ 1 ] provides the residents with a new multi-purpose venue and incorporates a film, theater and bistro. The Heritage Trust for the North West have numerous campaigns and projects in the area. One of which has seen the restoration and conservation of a whole street of priggish workers house, a erstwhile primary coil school and cotton factory, as it was feared that the Industrial Heritage of the town was at risk. [ 35 ] St Mary ‘s Church is besides another major stick out in the town, which is planned to open as an exhibition centre in Summer 2012. [ 36 ]
Media [edit ]
Nelson along with the neighbouring town of Colne are mentioned in the 1991 song, It ‘s Grim Up North by the band KLF. local radio for Nelson is presently provided by 2BR and BBC Radio Lancashire, and – since September 2007 – by community radio service Pendle Community Radio, aimed chiefly at the local Asian community. There are two local anesthetic newspapers : the Nelson Leader, published on Fridays, and the daily Lancashire Telegraph, which publishes a local anesthetic edition for Burnley and Pendle .
celebrated people [edit ]
See besides [edit ]
References [edit ]
Notes
- ^[6]Colne Water formed the border between Great Marsden and Colne townships.
Citations
Bibliography
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