1. ↑Modern Italy; A Political History, Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, ( Smith, Dennis Mack ( 1997 ), Ann Arbor : The University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0-472-10895-6, p15 )
  2. ↑ Clark, Martin. “ modern Italy : 1871–1982. ” Longman History of Italy. London and New York : Longman. Pp. 35
  3. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), pp 12-21 )
  4. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), p 139
  5. ↑ อ้างอิงผิดพลาด : ป้ายระบุ ไม่ถูกต้อง ไม่มีการกำหนดข้อความสำหรับอ้างอิงชื่อ Clark, Modern Italy p. 27
  6. ↑Mussolini’s Italy, New Work: Allen Lane, ( Bosworth, RJB ( 2005 ), New Work : Allen Lane, ISBN 0-7139-9697-8, p50 )
  7. ↑Modern Italy; A Political History, Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, ( Smith, Dennis Mack ( 1997 ), Ann Arbor : The University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0-472-10895-6, p199 )
  8. ↑ ( Bosworth, Richard. ( 1983 ). Italy and the Approach of the First World War. London : The Macmillan Press Ltd, p42 )
  9. ↑ ( Clark, Martin. 1984. Modern Italy: 1871-1982. London and New York : Longman Group UK Limited. p.180 )
  10. 45.0 45.1 ( Thayer, John A. ( 1964 ). Italy and the Great War. Madison and Milwaukee : University of Wisconsin Press. p279 )
  11. ↑ ( Clark, Martin. 1984. Modern Italy: 1871-1982. London and New York : Longman Group UK Limited. p.184 )
  12. ↑ Seton-Watson, Christopher. 1967. Italy from Liberalism to Fascism: 1870 to 1925. London : Methuen & Co. Ltd. Pp. 451
  13. ↑ ( Clark, Martin. 1984. Modern Italy: 1871-1982. London and New York : Longman Group UK Limited. p.185 )
  14. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), p293
  15. ↑ Clark, Martin. Modern Italy:1871-1982. London and New York : Longman Group UK Limited. p.183
  16. ↑ Passmore Women, Gender and Fascism, p. 11-16
  17. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), p302
  18. ↑ Bosworth ( 2005 ), p112
  19. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), p312
  20. ↑ Smith ( 1997 ), p315
  21. ↑ Mussolini, Benito. 1935. fascism : doctrine and Institutions. Rome : Ardita Publishers. p 14 .
  22. ↑ Pauley, Bruce F ( 2003 ) Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini: Totalitarianism in the Twentieth Century Italy, Wheeling : Harlan Davidson, Inc., p107
  23. ↑ Gentile, Emilio. The Struggle For Modernity Nationalism Futurism and Fascism ( Westport, CT : Praeger, 2003 ), p87 .
  24. ↑ John F. Pollard, The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929-32. Cambridge University Press. ( 1985 ). p 53
  25. ↑ Kenneth Scott Latourette, Christianity In a Revolutionary Age A History of Christianity in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol 4 The 20th Century In Europe ( 1961 ) pp 32-35, 153, 156, 371
  26. ↑ Pollard, The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929-32, phosphorus 61
  27. ↑ de Grazia, Victoria. The Culture of Consent: Mass Organizations of Leisure in Fascist Italy. Cambridge, 1981 .
  28. ↑ Kallis, Aristotle, erectile dysfunction. ( 2003 ). The Fascism Reader, London : Routledge, pp. 391–395 .
  29. ↑ Perry R. Willson, The Clockwork Factory: Women and Work in Fascist Italy ( 1994 )
  30. ↑ Perry R. Willson, Peasant Women and Politics in Fascist Italy: The Massaie Rurali ( 2002 )
  31. ↑ Victoria De Grazia, How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922-1945 ( 1993 )
  32. ↑ Perry Willson, “ empire, Gender and the ‘Home Front ‘ in Fascist Italy, ” Women’s History Review, October 2007, Vol. 16 issue 4, pp 487-500
  33. ↑ Carol Helstosky, “ fascist food politics : Mussolini ‘s policy of alimentary reign, Journal of Modern Italian Studies March 2004, Vol. 9 issue 1, pp 1-26
  34. ↑ Gilbert, Martin ( introduction ). 1989. The Illustrated London News : Marching to War, 1933-1939. Toronto, Canada : Doubleday Canada Ltd. Pp 137
  35. ↑ Sarti, Roland. 1974. The Ax Within: Italian Fascism in Action. New York : New Viewpoints. p189 .
  36. ↑ Glenny, Misha. Balkans : patriotism, War and the Great Powers, 1804-1999. New York, USA : Penguin Books, 2001. Pp. 431
  37. ↑ Smith, Denis Mack. 1983. Mussolini: A Biography. New York : vintage Books. p181
  38. ↑ Gilbert. 1989. Pp 137
  39. ↑ Wallace, Robert. 1979. World War II: The Italian Campaign. New York : Time-Life Books. Pp. 36