1. ↑ Abi Na’eem, “ Ma’arifat al-sahaba ”, no. 60
  2. ↑ Abi Na’eem, “ Ma’arifat al-sahaba ”, no. 64, 65
  3. ↑Drissner, Gerald (2016). Islam for Nerds – 500 Questions and Answers. Berlin: createspace. p. 432. ISBN 978-1530860180.
  4. ↑War and Peace in the Law of Islam by by Majid Khadduri. Translated by Muhammad Yaqub Khan Published 1951 Ahmadiyyah Anjuman Ishaat Islam. Original from the University of Michigan. Digitized 23 October 2006

  5. ↑ Al-zarkali, “ al-a’alam ”, dar al’ilm lil’malayeen, 15th version, May 2002
  6. ↑ Masud-ul-Hasan. Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr. lahore : A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 2.

  7. ↑ Tarikh al-tabari vol.2-page 60
  8. ↑Encyclopedia of World Religions by Wendy Doniger 978-0-87779-044-0Merriam-Webster ‘sby Wendy Doniger ISBN
  9. ↑The Mohammedan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions (1894) by 978-1-4021-6666-2 by Stanley Lane-Poole, published by Adamant Media Corporation ISBN
  10. ↑ Muslim persecution of heretics during the marwanid period ( 64-132/684-750 ), Judd Steven, Al-Masq : Islam & the medieval Mediterranean.Apr.2011, Vol.23 Issue 1 pg1-14.14p .
  11. ↑Abu Bakr by Atta Mohy-ud-Din, published 1968 S. Chand Original from the University of Michigan, digitized 6 January 2006, by Atta Mohy-ud-Din, published 1968 S. Chand Original from the University of Michigan, digitized 6 January 2006, ASIN B0006FFA0O .
  12. ↑Islam (Exploring Religions) by Anne Geldart, published by 978-0-431-09301-7 by Anne Geldart, published by Heinemann Library, 28 September 2000. ISBN
  13. ↑ Islamic Culture by the Islamic Cultural Board Published 1927 s.n. master from the University of Michigan, digitized 27 March 2006 .
  14. ↑Hazrat Abu Bakr, the First Caliph of Islam by Muhammad Habibur Rahman Khan Sherwani, published 1963 Sh. Muhammad Ashraf. Original from the University of Michigan. Digitized 14 November 2006. by Muhammad Habibur Rahman Khan Sherwani, published 1963 Sh. Muhammad Ashraf. Original from the University of Michigan. Digitized 14 November 2006 .
  15. 29.0 29.1 29.2 Tabqat ibn al-Saad bible of Maghazi, page no:62
  16. ↑ Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by Prof. Masud-ul-Hasan Page 31. Printed and published by A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd 60 Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore
  17. ↑ Sherwani, Muhammad Habibur Rahman Khan ( 1963 ). Hazrat Abu Bakr, the First Caliph of Islam. p. 23.

  18. ↑ “ Uhud ”, Encyclopedia of Islam Online
  19. ↑ Masud-ul-Hasan. Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr. lahore : A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 36.

  20. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. p. 192.

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  21. ↑ Ibn Ishaq. The Life of the Messenger of God.

  22. 40.0 40.1 Irving, Washington. The Life of Mohammed.

  23. ↑ Haykal, Muhammad Husayn ( 1935 ). The Life of Muhammad. Cairo. As the days went by, the Prophet sent Abu Bakr with a contingent and a flag to the fortress of Na’im ; but he was not able to conquer it despite intemperate fight. The Prophet then sent Umar bin al-Khattab on the following sidereal day, but he fared no better than Abu Bakr.

  24. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. pp. 192–193. Some other captains besides tried to capture the fortress but they besides failed.

  25. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. p. 193.

  26. ↑ Sahih-al-Bhukari book of Maghazi, Ghazwa Saif-al-Jara
  27. ↑ Masud-ul-Hasan. Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr. lahore : A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 46.

  28. ↑ Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher. A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims. p. 255.

  29. ↑ ibn Ishaq, Muhammad. The Life of the Messenger of God.

  30. ↑ Ahmad, Fazl ( 1961 ). Heroes of Islam Series: Abu Bakr, the first caliph of Islam. p. 42.

  31. ↑Balyuzi, Hasan M. (1976). Muḥammad and the Course of Islám. p. 151.
  32. ↑Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by Masudul Hasan. Lahore: Ferozsons, 1976. 3478821 by Masudul Hasan. lahore : Ferozsons, 1976. OCLC
  33. ↑“Islamic Review”. Shah Jehan Mosque. 15 April 1967 – โดยทาง Google Books.